原创 移植Linux 2.6.30.4到mini2440(Kernel)

2009-10-30 16:36 2454 5 4 分类: MCU/ 嵌入式

前言:
   
尽管linux-<?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = ST1 />2.6.31直接提供了对mini2440的支持,但移植过程中发现存在的问题比较多,所以最后决定使用linux-2.6.30.4来完成这次移植过程!



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0)、准备工作


交叉编译器使用codesourcery提供的符合EABI标准的交叉编译器arm-linux-gcc-4.3.3,下载地址:
http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/package4571/public/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/arm-2009q1-203-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2




安装交叉编译器:
# tar zxvf arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz -C /usr/local/arm
安装到了: /usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/




因为" /usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/bin "目录中的可执行文件均以不常用的" arm-none-linux-gnueabi- "开头做几个arm-linux-xxx软链接以方便日后使用:


# cd /usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/bin



ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdbtui   arm-linux-gdbtui
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-addr2line arm-linux-addr2line
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gprof    arm-linux-gprof
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ar       arm-linux-ar
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-as       arm-linux-as
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-nm       arm-linux-nm
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld       arm-linux-ld
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-c++      arm-linux-c++
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-objcopy  arm-linux-objcopy
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-c++filt  arm-linux-c++filt
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-cpp      arm-linux-cpp
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ranlib   arm-linux-ranlib
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-objdump  arm-linux-objdump
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-readelf  arm-linux-readelf
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-size     arm-linux-size
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcov     arm-linux-gcov
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-strings  arm-linux-strings
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb      arm-linux-gdb
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-strip    arm-linux-strip
ln -s arm-none-linux-gnueabi-sprite   arm-linux-sprite




同时在" /usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/bin "目录建立如下三个脚本:
脚本arm-linux-g++的内容:
#!/bin/sh
arm-none-linux-gnueabi-g++ -march=armv4t $*


脚本arm-linux-gcc的内容
#!/bin/sh
arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -march=armv4t $*


脚本arm-linux-gcc-4.3.3的内容
#!/bin/sh
arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.3.3 -march=armv4t $*


为以上三个脚本加上可执行属性
# chmod +x arm-linux-g++
# chmod +x arm-linux-gcc
# chmod +x arm-linux-gcc-4.3.3




执行命令:
# export PATH="/usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/bin:"$PATH


以后要用到该交叉编译器时都应先执行上面一句!!!

再执行命令:
# arm-linux-gcc -v

应该可以看到:



Using built-in specs.
Target: arm-none-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: /scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/src/gcc-4.3/configure --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --host=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-none-linux-gnueabi --enable-threads --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-specs='%{funwind-tables|fno-unwind-tables|mabi=*|ffreestanding|nostdlib:;:-funwind-tables}' --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-shared --enable-symvers=gnu --enable-__cxa_atexit --with-pkgversion='Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q1-203' --with-bugurl=https://support.codesourcery.com/GNUToolchain/ --disable-nls --prefix=/opt/codesourcery --with-sysroot=/opt/codesourcery/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc --with-build-sysroot=/scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc --with-gmp=/scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/lite/obj/host-libs-2009q1-203-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr --with-mpfr=/scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/lite/obj/host-libs-2009q1-203-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr --disable-libgomp --enable-poison-system-directories --with-build-time-tools=/scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin --with-build-time-tools=/scratch/mitchell/builds/4.3-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-respin/lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.3.3 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q1-203)


说明安装成功!

linux-2.6.30.4
的下载地址:
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2

下载yaffs2
http://www.aleph1.co.uk/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/
点击“Download GNU tarball”,下载cvs-root.tar.gzlinux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2放在同一目录!!!

1
)、解压并进入目录
# tar jxvf linux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2
# cd linux-2.6.30.4


2
)、修改顶层Makefile
# gedit Makefile
位于193



ARCH ?= arm
CROSS_COMPILE
?= /usr/local/arm/arm-2009q1/bin/arm-linux-


3)、修改机器码
# gedit arch/arm/tools/mach-types
位于379



s3c2440      ARCH_S3C2440      S3C2440      782


supervivi传入的机器码一致即可

4
)、修改时钟频率
# gedit arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
位于160



static void __init smdk2440_map_io(void)
{

    s3c24xx_init_io
(smdk2440_iodesc, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk2440_iodesc));
    //s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400);
    s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);

    s3c24xx_init_uarts
(smdk2440_uartcfgs, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk2440_uartcfgs));
}



5
)、修改NAND Flash分区
# gedit arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c
位于109



static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] = {
    [0] = {
        .name = "supervivi",
        .size = 0x00030000,
        .offset = 0,
    },
    [1] = {
        .name = "Kernel",
        .offset = 0x00050000,
        .size = 0x00200000,
    },
    [2] = {
        .name = "root",
        .offset = 0x00250000,
        .size = 0x03dac000,
    }

};



6
)、配置
# cp arch/arm/configs/s3c2410_defconfig .config
# make menuconfig

机器只选以下三项:



System Type ---> S3C2410 Machines --->

  • SMDK2410/A9M2410 
                     S3C2440 Machines
    --->
  • SMDK2440 
                                          
  • SMDK2440 with S3C2440 CPU module



  • 内核特性选上以下两项:



    Kernel Features --->

  • Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel 
                        
  • Allow old ABI binaries to run with this(EXPERIMENTA) kernel


  • 7)、编译
    # make zImage

    先用友善提供的yaffs2根文件系统镜像作测试!

    启动后运行到这里:



    List of all partitions:
    1f00 192 mtdblock0
    (driver?)
    1f01 2048 mtdblock1
    (driver?)
    1f02 63152 mtdblock2
    (driver?)
    No filesystem could mount root
    , tried: ext3 ext2 cramfs vfat msdos iso9660 roms
    Kernel panic
    - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(31,2)



    8
    )、加入对yaffs2文件系统的支持
    1.
    打上yaffs2文件系统补丁
    # cd ..
    # tar zxvf cvs-root.tar.gz
    # cd cvs/yaffs2/
    # ./patch-ker.sh c ../../linux-2.6.30.4/



    Updating ../../linux-2.6.30.4//fs/Kconfig
    Updating ../../linux-2.6.30.4//fs/Makefile



    # cd ../../linux-2.6.30.4/

    2.
    配置以编译yaffs2进内核
    # make menuconfig

    选上以下这项:



    File systems --->

  • Miscellaneous filesystems ---><*> YAFFS2 file system support



  • 3.
    编译
    # make zImage

    可以进入控制台:



    Please press Enter to activate this console.
    [root@FriendlyARM /]#



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