原创 如何在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

2008-10-26 18:39 2290 10 10 分类: 软件与OS

如何在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />


在对话框程序中,我们经常是利用对话框上的子控件进行命令响应来处理一些事件。如果我们想要让对话框(子控件的父窗口)类来响应我们的按键消息,我们可以通过ClassWizardWM_KEYDOWN消息进行响应,当程序运行后,我们按下键盘上的按键,但对话框不会有任何的反应。这是因为在对话框程序中,某些特定的消息,例如按键消息,它们被Windows内部的对话框过程处理了(即在基类中完成了处理,有兴趣的读者可以查看MFC的源代码),或者被发送给子控件进行处理,所以我们在对话框类中就捕获不到按键的消息了。


既然我们知道了这个处理的过程,我们就可以找到底层处理按键消息的函数,然后在子类中重载它,就可以在对话框程序中处理按键消息了。在MFC中,是利用BOOL ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)这个虚函数来过滤或响应菜单和对话框的特定Windows消息。下面我们通过程序给大家演示基于对话框的应用程序对WM_KEYDOWN消息的捕获。


第一步:新建一个工程,选择MFC AppWizard (exe),工程名为WinSun,点击ok,进入下一步,选择Dialog based,点击Finish



第二步:在CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Member Varialbe,增加一个类型为HWND,变量名m_hwndDlgpublic的变量。代码如下:


WinSun.h


class CWinSunApp : public CWinApp


{


public:


       HWND m_hwndDlg;


       CWinSunApp();


 


// Overrides


       // ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides


       //{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CWinSunApp)


       public:


       virtual BOOL InitInstance();


       //}}AFX_VIRTUAL


 


// Implementation


 


       //{{AFX_MSG(CWinSunApp)


              // NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here.


              //    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !


       //}}AFX_MSG


       DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()


};



 


第三步:在WinSun.cppCWinSunApp类)文件中的InitInstance()函数中添加如下代码:


WinSun.cpp


BOOL CWinSunApp::InitInstance()


{


       AfxEnableControlContainer();


 


       // Standard initialization


       // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size


       //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following


       //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.


 


#ifdef _AFXDLL


       Enable3dControls();                     // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL


#else


       Enable3dControlsStatic();      // Call this when linking to MFC statically


#endif


 


       CWinSunDlg dlg;


       m_pMainWnd = &dlg;


       int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();


       if (nResponse == IDOK)


       {


              // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is


              //  dismissed with OK


       }


       else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)


       {


              // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is


              //  dismissed with Cancel


       }


 


       // Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the


       //  application, rather than start the application's message pump.


       m_hwndDlg=NULL;


       return FALSE;



}


 


第四步:CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Virtual Function,在左边一栏里,选择ProcessMessageFilter,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:



WinSun.cpp


BOOL CWinSunApp::ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)


{


       // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class


       if(m_hwndDlg!=NULL)


       {


              //判断消息,如果消息是从对话框发出的或者其子控件发出的,我们就进行处理。sunxin


              if((lpMsg->hwnd==m_hwndDlg) || ::IsChild(m_hwndDlg,lpMsg->hwnd))


              {


                     //如果消息是WM_KEYDOWN,我们就弹出一个消息框。sunxin


                     if(lpMsg->message==WM_KEYDOWN)


                     {


                            AfxMessageBox("捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息成功!");


                     }


              }


       }


       return CWinApp::ProcessMessageFilter(code, lpMsg);


}


 


第五步:在WinSunDlg.cppCWinSunDlg类)中的OnInitialDialog()函数中加入以下代码:



WinSunDlg.cpp


BOOL CWinSunDlg::OnInitDialog()


{


       CDialog::OnInitDialog();


 


       // Add "About..." menu item to system menu.


 


       // IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.


       ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);


       ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);


 


       CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);


       if (pSysMenu != NULL)


       {


              CString strAboutMenu;


              strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);


              if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())


              {


                     pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);


                     pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);


              }


       }


 


       // Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically


       //  when the application's main window is not a dialog


       SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);                  // Set big icon


       SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);          // Set small icon


      


       // TODO: Add extra initialization here


//将对话框的句柄传递到CWinSunApp类中。sunxin


       ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=m_hWnd;


       return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control


}


 


第六步:在对话框窗口销毁后,将CWinSunApp类中的变量m_hwndDlg置为NULL,为此我们CWinSunDlg类上点击右键,选择Add Windows Message Handler,在左边一栏中选择WM_DESTROY,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:



WinSunDlg.cpp


void CWinSunDlg::OnDestroy()


{


       CDialog::OnDestroy();


      


       // TODO: Add your message handler code here


       ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=NULL;


}


 


至此,我们的工作就做完了,现在我们可以按Ctrl+F5运行程序,看到我们想要的结果。当然,如果我们想捕获WM_KEYUPWM_CHAR消息,也是类似,这就交给读者下来自行完成了。

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