标签: characterizing

characterizingopticalthinfilmsCharacterizingOpticalThinFilms(I)Physicalvapordepositionisthemostcommontechniqueusedtodepositopticalthinfilmsforalargevarietyofapplications.Thisrequirestheabilitytogetasolidmaterialintoavapor(gaseous)form,totransportittoasurfaceontowhichthefilmistobedeposited,andtobeabletocontrolthephysicalandopticalpropertiesoftheresultantfilm.Sputteringandevaporationinavacuumaretheprevalenttechniquesusedtogetsolidmaterialsintoavaporform.Regardlessofthedepositiontechniqueused,itisnecessaryinthedevelopmentofcoatingequipmentandcoatingprocessestohavetheabilitytodeterminethephysicalandopticalpropertiesoftheresultantfilms.Thereisaconsiderablerangeofequipmentavailabletodothis.Howeve……

CharacterizingDigitallyModulatedSignalswithCCDFCurvesCharacterizingDigitallyModulatedSignalswithCCDFCurvesApplicationNoteTableofContents1.IntroductionWhenareCCDFcurvesused?2.WhatareCCDFcurves?StatisticaloriginofCCDFcurvesWhynotcrestfactor?3.CCDFincommunicationsModulationformatsModulationfilteringMultiple-frequencysignalsPhasesaffectmulti-tonesignalsSpread-spectrumsystemsNumberofactivecodesinspreadspectrumOrthogonalcodingeffectsMulti-carriersignals4.CCDFincomponentdesignCompressionofsignalbynonlinearcomponentsCorrelatingtheamplifiercurveswiththeCCDFplotCompressionaffectsotherkeymeasurementsApplications5.Summary6.References7.Symbolsandacronyms2IntroductionDigitalmodulationhascreatedarevolutioninRFandmicrowavecommunications.Cellular……