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Coupled-Strip-Transmission-LineFiltersandDirectionalCouplers1956lRETRANSACTIONSONMICROWAVETHEORYANDTECHNIQUESCoupled43trip-Transmission-LineandDirectionalE.M.T.JONES~ANDFiltersCouplersJ.T.BOLLJAHN~Summary―Tkispaperdescribesthetheoryofoperationofcoupledstriplinetiltersanddh’ectionalcouplers,andpresentsinformationfromwhichthesecomponentsmaybeeasilydesigned.Low-pass,band-pass,all-pass,andall-stopfiltercharacteristicsareobtainedfromthesecoupledlineseitherbyplacingopenorshortcircuitsattwoofthefouravailableterminalpairs,orbyinterconnectingtwooftheterminalpairs.Directionalcouplershavingperfectdk-ectivityandconstantinputimpedanceatallfrequencies,andforalldegreesofcoupliig,areobtainedbyplacingequalresistiveloadsateachofthefourterminalp……