标签: complex

ComplexElectromagneticProblemsandNumericalSimulationApproaches,IEEEPress

AcomplexcontrolsystembasedonthefuzzyPIDcontrolandstatepredictorfeedbackcontrol

vhdl代码规范.pdfPRINTEDVERSIONSAREUNCONTROLLEDEXCEPTWHENSTAMPED"CONTROLLEDCOPY"INREDSemiconductorReuseStandardSRS07HDLV2.0VerilogHDLCodingMotorolareservestherighttomakechangeswithoutfurthernoticetoanyproductshereintoimprovereliability,functionordesign.Motoroladoesnotassumeanyliabilityarisingoutoftheapplicationoruseofanyproductorcircuitdescribedherein;neitherdoesitconveyanylicenseunderitspatentrightsnortherightsofothers.Motorolaproductsarenotdesigned,intended,orauthorizedforuseascomponentsinsystemsintendedforsurgic……

ThereareseveralwaystocalculatetheDiscreteFourierTransform(DFT),suchassolvingsimultaneouslinearequationsorthecorrelationmethoddescribedinChapter8.TheFastFourierTransform(FFT)isanothermethodforcalculatingtheDFT.Whileitproducesthesameresultastheotherapproaches,itisincrediblymoreefficient,oftenreducingthecomputationtimebyhundreds.Thisisthesameimprovementasflyinginajetaircraftversuswalking!IftheFFTwerenotavailable,manyofthetechniquesdescribedinthisbookwouldnotbepractical.WhiletheFFTonlyrequiresafewdozenlinesofcode,itisoneofthemostcomplicatedalgorithmsinDSP.Butdon'tdespair!YoucaneasilyusepublishedFFTroutineswithoutfullyunderstandingtheinternalworkings.CHAPTERTheFastFourierTransform12ThereareseveralwaystocalculatetheDiscreteFourierTransform(DFT),suchassolvingsimultaneouslinearequationsorthecorrelationmethoddescribedinChapter8.TheFastFourierTransform(FFT)isanothermethodforcalculatingtheDFT.Whileitproducesthesameresultastheotherapproaches,itisincrediblymoreefficient,oftenreducingthecomputationtimebyhundreds.Thisisthesameimprovementasflyinginajetaircraftversuswalking!IftheFFTwerenotavailable,manyofthetechniquesdescribedinthisbookwouldnotbepractical.WhiletheFFTonlyrequiresafewdozenlinesofcode,itisoneofthemostcomplicatedalgorithmsinDSP.Butdon'tdespair!YoucaneasilyusepublishedFFTrou……

Althoughcomplexnumbersarefundamentallydisconnectedfromourreality,theycanbeusedtosolvescienceandengineeringproblemsintwoways.First,theparametersfromarealworldproblemcanbesubstitutedintoacomplexform,aspresentedinthelastchapter.Thesecondmethodismuchmoreelegantandpowerful,awayofmakingthecomplexnumbersmathematicallyequivalenttothephysicalproblem.ThisapproachleadstothecomplexFouriertransform,amoresophisticatedversionoftherealFouriertransformdiscussedinChapter8.ThecomplexFouriertransformisimportantinitself,butalsoasasteppingstonetomorepowerfulcomplextechniques,suchastheLaplaceandz-transforms.ThesecomplextransformsarethefoundationoftheoreticalDSP.TheRealDFTAllCHAPTERTheComplexFourierTransform31Althoughcomplexnumbersarefundamentallydisconnectedfromourreality,theycanbeusedtosolvescienceandengineeringproblemsintwoways.First,theparametersfromarealworldproblemcanbesubstitutedintoacomplexform,aspresentedinthelastchapter.Thesecondmethodismuchmoreelegantandpowerful,awayofmakingthecomplexnumbersmathematicallyequivalenttothephysicalproblem.ThisapproachleadstothecomplexFouriertransform,amoresophisticatedversionoftherealFouriertransformdiscussedinChapter8.ThecomplexFouriertransformisimportantinitself,butalsoasasteppingstonetomorepowerfulcomplextechniques,suchastheLaplaceandz-transforms.Thesecomplextr……

Complexnumbersareanextensionoftheordinarynumbersusedineverydaymath.Theyhavetheuniquepropertyofrepresentingandmanipulatingtwovariablesasasinglequantity.ThisfitsverynaturallywithFourieranalysis,wherethefrequencydomainiscomposedoftwosignals,therealandtheimaginaryparts.ComplexnumbersshortentheequationsusedinDSP,andenabletechniquesthataredifficultorimpossiblewithrealnumbersalone.Forinstance,theFastFourierTransformisbasedoncomplexnumbers.Unfortunately,complextechniquesareverymathematical,anditrequiresagreatdealofstudyandpracticetousethemeffectively.ManyscientistsandengineersregardcomplextechniquesasthedividinglinebetweenDSPasatool,andDSPasacareer.Inthischapter,welookatthemathematicsofcomplexnumbers,andelementarywaysofusingtheminscienceandengineering.Thefollowingthreechaptersdiscussimportanttechniquesbasedoncomplexnumbers:thecomplexFouriertransform,theLaplacetransform,andthez-transform.ThesecomplextransformsaretheheartoftheoreticalDSP.Getready,herecomesthemath!CHAPTERComplexNumbers30Complexnumbersareanextensionoftheordinarynumbersusedineverydaymath.Theyhavetheuniquepropertyofrepresentingandmanipulatingtwovariablesasasinglequantity.ThisfitsverynaturallywithFourieranalysis,wherethefrequencydomainiscomposedoftwosignals,therealandtheimaginaryparts.ComplexnumbersshortentheequationsusedinDSP,andenabletechniquesthataredifficultorimpossiblewithrealnumbersalone.Forinstance,theFastFourierTransformisbasedoncomplexnumbers.Unfortunately,complextechniquesareverymathematical,anditrequiresagreatdealofstudyandpracticetousethemeffectively.Manyscientistsandengineersregardcomplextechniquesasthedividinglineb……

SamplingandMultirateTechniquesforComplexandBandpassSignalsTAMPEREUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY/TelecommunicationsIQ/1M.Renfors22.09.04SamplingandMultirateTechniquesforComplexandBandpassSignalsMarkkuRenforsInstituteofCommunicationsEngineeringTampereUniversityofTechnology,Finlandmarkku.renfors@tut.fiwww.cs.tut.fi/tltTopics:ComplexsignalsandsystemsSamplingofcomplexsignalsFrequencytranslationsusingmixingandmultirateoperationsRealandI/QsamplingofbandpasssignalsNonidealitiesinsamplingandA/D-conversionDelta-sigmaconversionprincipleTAMPEREUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY/TelecommunicationsIQ/2M.Renfors……

低功耗设计文档,PowerManagementinComplexsocdesign……