原创 理解字Word、半字Half-Word、字节Byte的概念

对字（Word）、半字（Half-Word）、字节（Byte）的概念说明如下：

字（Word）：在ARM体系结构中，字的长度为32位，而在8位/16位处理器体系结构中，字的长度一般为16位。
半字（Half-Word）：在ARM体系结构中，半字的长度为16位，与8位/16位处理器体系结构中字的长度一致。
字节（Byte）：在ARM体系结构和8位/16位处理器体系结构中，字节的长度均为8位。

关于如何把这三个概念和code联系起来理解，我列举了两个操作系统的code，其中linux显然就是ARM体系结构的代表，而UC/OS-II则是8位/16位的代表。
第一个操作系统：linux-2.6.16
文件目录：
include\asm-arm\types.h


#ifndef __ASM_ARM_TYPES_H
#define __ASM_ARM_TYPES_H

#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__

typedef unsigned short umode_t;

/*
 * __xx is ok: it doesn't pollute the POSIX namespace. Use these in the
 * header files exported to user space
 */

typedef __signed__ char __s8;
typedef unsigned char __u8;

typedef __signed__ short __s16;
typedef unsigned short __u16;

typedef __signed__ int __s32;
typedef unsigned int __u32;

#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
typedef __signed__ long long __s64;
typedef unsigned long long __u64;
#endif

#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */

/*
 * These aren't exported outside the kernel to avoid name space clashes
 */
#ifdef __KERNEL__

#define BITS_PER_LONG 32

#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__

typedef signed char s8;
typedef unsigned char u8;

typedef signed short s16;
typedef unsigned short u16;

typedef signed int s32;
typedef unsigned int u32;

typedef signed long long s64;
typedef unsigned long long u64;

/* Dma addresses are 32-bits wide.  */

typedef u32 dma_addr_t;
typedef u32 dma64_addr_t;

#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */

#endif /* __KERNEL__ */

#endif

第二个操作系统：uc/os-II
目录：OS_CPU.H
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                              DATA TYPES
*                                         (Compiler Specific)
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

typedef unsigned char  BOOLEAN;
typedef unsigned char  INT8U;                    /* Unsigned  8 bit quantity                           */
typedef signed   char  INT8S;                    /* Signed    8 bit quantity                           */
typedef unsigned int   INT16U;                   /* Unsigned 16 bit quantity                           */
typedef signed   int   INT16S;                   /* Signed   16 bit quantity                           */
typedef unsigned long  INT32U;                   /* Unsigned 32 bit quantity                           */
typedef signed   long  INT32S;                   /* Signed   32 bit quantity                           */
typedef float          FP32;                     /* Single precision floating point                    */
typedef double         FP64;                     /* Double precision floating point                    */

typedef unsigned int   OS_STK;                   /* Each stack entry is 16-bit wide                    */
typedef unsigned short OS_CPU_SR;                /* Define size of CPU status register (PSW = 16 bits) */

#define BYTE           INT8S                     /* Define data types for backward compatibility ...   */
#define UBYTE          INT8U                     /* ... to uC/OS V1.xx.  Not actually needed for ...   */
#define WORD           INT16S                    /* ... uC/OS-II.                                      */
#define UWORD          INT16U
#define LONG           INT32S
#define ULONG          INT32U