原创 ltib介绍及安装方法

 LTIB (Linux Target Image Builder)是飞思卡尔公司开发的一个工具，用于简化嵌入式bsp开发的工具，基本上就是一些脚本加上预先制作成功交叉工具连，由于linux开源世界太多软件版本不断升级，相互兼容极差，不同的软件由不同的志愿者维护，互相根本没有考虑到兼容性，这导致在嵌入式linux上开发的工程师的噩梦。在这种情况下，少数高人干起整合这些乱七八糟开源软件的事情，目标当然是尽量提供一个方便使用的软件包，避免那些琐碎繁杂的配置安装工作。

LTIB是其中之一，当然我觉得它还做的不够好，什么时候能做成如microsoft windows下的那种简单图形化傻瓜化的安装包就好了。

ltib网站：http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/ltib/

http://www.bitshrine.org/ltib/

Main features 

• 
  
• Open source (GPL)
  
• Runs on most popular Linux host distributions (x86 and some PPC)
  
• Command line interface, with curses configuration screens (using LKC)
  
• Support for multiple target architectures (PPC, ARM, Coldfire)
  
• Target platforms selectable from a menu (CVS version)
  
• More than 200 userspace packages selectable
  
• Common root filesystem package set across architectures
  
• Supports building of bootloaders and kernel images
  
• All package building is done as non-root user
  
• Configuration/selection of individual packages from a menu
  
• Auto package dependency resolution
  
• Auto file conflict resolution by package order build scaling
  
• Auto re-install/de-install of packages by changes in dependency tree
  
• Toolchain selectable at configuration time
  
• Configuration of the Linux kernel using it's native config language
  
• Kernel selection can easilty be changed from choicelist during configuration
  
• Configuration of target system from host (IP address, services etc)
  
• Supports preconfigs which allow developers to store different system configurations (e.g. toolchain selection, kernel selection, package selection etc).
  
• Supports profiles this allows just the userspace package set to be re-configured. This is excellent for autobuilding or exchanging the non platform specific configuration between targets.
  
• All packages are built as rpms and managed using rpm
  
• Target image files managed using a private rpm database per LTIB instance on the host
  
• Supports single package developer mode using prep/scbuild/scdeploy analogs
  
• Provides a means of source capture (patches) and auto update of spec files
  
• Shell mode available to run all commands in ltib's spec environment
  
• Incremental deployment (over NFS) supported
  
• RAMDISK and JFFS2 Flash image creation supported
  
• Read-only root filesystem supported.
  
• LTIB is meta-data only, all sources are pulled using http and locally cached in a common area per-host.
  
• Remote source pulls support proxys
  
• Support for glibc and uclibc
  
• All meta-data formats are open source (rpm, Linux Kernel Config)
  
• Modular BSP architecture (easy to add new BSPs)
  
• Support batch mode and --continue for auto-builders
  
• Support --dry to preview ltib's actions
  
• Provides --dltest to check for availability of sources/patches
  
• Provides listpkgs mode to show all available packages, whether selected and their individual licenses.
  
• Provides a release mode, this encapsulates an LTIB project into an iso images that will not require network access.

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最近为了做mcf52277的板子，开始弄这个ltib，我觉得以后可以把所有的嵌入式linux开发都整合到ltib上来搞，以简化那些配置工作，应该能省很多精力。

我在fedora 7上安装m52277evb bsp，freescale的每个开发板都以ltib提供bsp包。下面记录下安装方法。

1. 把光盘或.iso文件（对于mcf52277evb来说就是M52277EVB_LTIB.ISO）mount到/mnt/cdrom:（注意用root身份）

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

2. 安装。先要切换到普通用户，因为ltib要求以普通用户安装，不要以root身份安装

su lzp

再安装：

cd /mnt/cdrom

./install

如果你顺利，这就完了，但我安装的时候出现了问题，报什么cp命令没有权限,但我检查了，确认所操作的目录我是有权限的rwx均有权限。实在奇怪，后来发现是fedora的那个selinux搞的鬼，在fedora的"系统”-》“管理”-》“SELinux Management”。把enforce mode从enforcing改成permissive。这样就ok了

3.运行ltib

cd到ltib安装到的目录，这个是在上面install过程中让你选择的。

然后：

./ltib

即可运行，第一次运行，实际上就是启动build image的工作，最后会调用编译器等工具连构建出最终内核image和文件系统image。

这个过程可能出现错误（但我没碰到），网上有文章说了出现的错误情况：

安装的时候 可能会出现如下提示：

I ran the command: sudo -S -l which returned:

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

Password:

This means you don't have sudo permission to execute rpm commands as root
without a password.  This is needed for this build script to operate correctly.

To configure this, as root using the command "/usr/sbin/visudo",
and add the following line in the User privilege section:

wzg ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/rpm, /opt/freescale/ltib/usr/bin/rpm

Started: Mon May 24 16:32:21 2010
Ended:   Mon May 24 16:32:28 2010
Elapsed: 7 seconds

Build Failed

这是由于安装ltib需要是普通用户身份，但部分命令要超级用户权限才行，所以需要执行visudo增加用户lzp的权限，如下操作

# su
# /usr/sbin/visudo                // 此命令相对于vi打开了一个权限设置文件
                                // 按i进入输入模式，在最后一行添加如下一行内容
lzp   ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/rpm, /opt/freescale/ltib/usr/bin/rpm
                               // 按ESC进入命令行模式，按:wq保存退出
# exit                         // 退出root，回到普通用户身份lzp