好久没更新博客了,2011年了,也得有个开端才行,所以特意对linux应用编程做了一些总结,现晒出来,希望能给大家一点参考,同时也作为自己的备忘录,何乐而不为之................(学海无涯)-------------------------------------------water
网络编程(2)续上
几个网络相关的地址的获得;
/********************************************************************
* 函数名: get_mac
* 参数名: char *mac_addr ( out)
*
* 返回值: 0 成功
* -1 失败
* 功 能: 获取本机物理地址,以字符串形式返回
* 版本 : water-2010-07-08--first
********************************************************************/
int get_mac(char *mac_addr)
{
int nSocket;
struct ifreq struReq;
if ( (nSocket = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) < 0)
{
error("socket");
return -1;
}
memset(&struReq,0,sizeof(struReq));
strncpy(struReq.ifr_name, "eth0", sizeof(struReq.ifr_name));
if( ioctl(nSocket,SIOCGIFHWADDR,&struReq) < 0)
{
perror("ioctl");
return -1;
}
close(nSocket);
memcpy(mac_addr,( char *)ether_ntoa(struReq.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data),strlen(( char*)ether_ntoa(struReq.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data))+1);
return 0;
}
/********************************************************************
* 函数名: get_ip
* 参数名: char *ip_addr ( out)
*
* 返回值: 0 成功
* -1 失败
* 功 能: 获取本机ip地址,以字符串形式返回
* 版本 : water-2010-07-08--first
********************************************************************/
int get_ip(char *ip_addr)
{
int sock;
struct sockaddr_in sin;
struct ifreq ifr;
if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0 )
{
perror("socket");
return -1;
}
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, "eth0", sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) < 0)
{
perror("ioctl");
return -1;
}
memcpy(&sin, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof(sin));
close(sock);
memcpy(ip_addr,inet_ntoa(sin.sin_addr),strlen(inet_ntoa(sin.sin_addr))+1);
return 0;
}
//这里用一个函数来完成获得ip,netmask,mac.这个函数非常好用。
/********************************************************************
* 函数名: get_host_info
* 参数名: local_ip(out) my_ip
* local_mask(out) my_mask
local_mac(out) my_mac
* 返回值: 0 成功
* -1 失败
* 功 能:获取本地机的ip,掩码,物理地址
* 版本 : water-2010-07-08--first
********************************************************************/
int get_host_info(char *const local_ip, char *const local_mask, char *const local_mac)
{
struct sockaddr_in my_ip, my_mask, my_mac;
struct ifreq ifr;
int sock;
if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
{
perror("socket");
return -1;
}
memset(&ifr,0,sizeof(ifr));
strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, "eth0");
//取本机IP地址
if(ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) < 0)
{
perror("ioctl_get_ip");
return -1;
}
memcpy(&my_ip, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof(my_ip));
memcpy( local_ip, inet_ntoa(my_ip.sin_addr), strlen( inet_ntoa(my_ip.sin_addr) ) +1);
//取本机掩码
if( ioctl( sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1 )
{
perror("ioctl_get_mask");
return -1;
}
memcpy(&my_mask, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof(my_mask));
memcpy( local_mask, inet_ntoa(my_mask.sin_addr), strlen( inet_ntoa(my_mask.sin_addr) )+1 );
//取本机mac
if ( ioctl( sock,SIOCGIFHWADDR,&ifr) < 0 )
{
perror("ioctl_get_mac");
return -1;
}
memcpy(local_mac,(char *)ether_ntoa(ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data),strlen((char*)ether_ntoa(ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data))+1);
close(sock);
return 0;
}
//获取网关相当繁琐些,具体代码如下:
/********************************************************************
* 函数名: get_gateway
* 参数名: gateway(out) 网关
* 返回值: 0 成功
* -1 失败
* 功 能:获取本地机的网关
********************************************************************/
int get_gateway(char *gateway)
{
struct nlmsghdr *nlMsg;
struct rtmsg *rtMsg;
struct route_info *rtInfo;
char msgBuf[BUFSIZE];
int sock, len, msgSeq = 0;
//创建 Socket
if((sock = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM, NETLINK_ROUTE)) < 0)
{
perror("Socket Creation: ");
return -1;
}
/* Initialize the buffer */
memset(msgBuf, 0, BUFSIZE);
/* point the header and the msg structure pointers into the buffer */
nlMsg = (struct nlmsghdr *)msgBuf;
rtMsg = (struct rtmsg *)NLMSG_DATA(nlMsg);
/* Fill in the nlmsg header*/
nlMsg->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtmsg)); // Length of message.
nlMsg->nlmsg_type = RTM_GETROUTE; // Get the routes from kernel routing table .
nlMsg->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_DUMP | NLM_F_REQUEST; // The message is a request for dump.
nlMsg->nlmsg_seq = msgSeq++; // Sequence of the message packet.
nlMsg->nlmsg_pid = getpid(); // PID of process sending the request.
/* Send the request */
if(send(sock, nlMsg, nlMsg->nlmsg_len, 0) < 0){
printf("Write To Socket Failed...\n");
return -1;
}
/* Read the response */
if((len = readNlSock(sock, msgBuf, msgSeq, getpid())) < 0) {
printf("Read From Socket Failed...\n");
return -1;
}
/* Parse and print the response */
rtInfo = (struct route_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct route_info));
for(;NLMSG_OK(nlMsg,len);nlMsg = NLMSG_NEXT(nlMsg,len)){
memset(rtInfo, 0, sizeof(struct route_info));
parseRoutes(nlMsg, rtInfo,gateway);
}
free(rtInfo);
close(sock);
return 0;
}
// the follow sources for get the gateway
//下面两个函数是获取网关是用到的
int readNlSock(int sockFd, char *bufPtr, int seqNum, int pId)
{
struct nlmsghdr *nlHdr;
int readLen = 0, msgLen = 0;
do{
//收到内核的应答
if((readLen = recv(sockFd, bufPtr, BUFSIZE - msgLen, 0)) < 0)
{
perror("SOCK READ: ");
return -1;
}
nlHdr = (struct nlmsghdr *)bufPtr;
//检查header是否有效
if((NLMSG_OK(nlHdr, readLen) == 0) || (nlHdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR))
{
perror("Error in recieved packet");
return -1;
}
/* Check if the its the last message */
if(nlHdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
{
break;
}
else
{
/* Else move the pointer to buffer appropriately */
bufPtr += readLen;
msgLen += readLen;
}
/* Check if its a multi part message */
if((nlHdr->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_MULTI) == 0)
{
/* return if its not */
break;
}
} while((nlHdr->nlmsg_seq != seqNum) || (nlHdr->nlmsg_pid != pId));
return msgLen;
}
//分析返回的路由信息
void parseRoutes(struct nlmsghdr *nlHdr, struct route_info *rtInfo,char *gateway)
{
struct rtmsg *rtMsg;
struct rtattr *rtAttr;
int rtLen;
char *tempBuf = NULL;
//2007-12-10
struct in_addr dst;
struct in_addr gate;
tempBuf = (char *)malloc(100);
rtMsg = (struct rtmsg *)NLMSG_DATA(nlHdr);
// If the route is not for AF_INET or does not belong to main routing table
//then return.
if((rtMsg->rtm_family != AF_INET) || (rtMsg->rtm_table != RT_TABLE_MAIN))
return;
/* get the rtattr field */
rtAttr = (struct rtattr *)RTM_RTA(rtMsg);
rtLen = RTM_PAYLOAD(nlHdr);
for(;RTA_OK(rtAttr,rtLen);rtAttr = RTA_NEXT(rtAttr,rtLen)){
switch(rtAttr->rta_type) {
case RTA_OIF:
if_indextoname(*(int *)RTA_DATA(rtAttr), rtInfo->ifName);
break;
case RTA_GATEWAY:
rtInfo->gateWay = *(u_int *)RTA_DATA(rtAttr);
break;
case RTA_PREFSRC:
rtInfo->srcAddr = *(u_int *)RTA_DATA(rtAttr);
break;
case RTA_DST:
rtInfo->dstAddr = *(u_int *)RTA_DATA(rtAttr);
break;
}
}
//2007-12-10
dst.s_addr = rtInfo->dstAddr;
if (strstr((char *)inet_ntoa(dst), "0.0.0.0"))
{
gate.s_addr = rtInfo->gateWay;
sprintf(gateway, (char *)inet_ntoa(gate));
}
free(tempBuf);
return;
}
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