原创 autotools魔鬼使用[原］

 2007-10-5 23:30  3152 5 5 分类: MCU/ 嵌入式

呵呵！刚刚又练了一下用autotools来生成makefile，呵呵，感觉比前一次好多拉。
[root@localhost root]# mkdir -m 777 ./hello         //新建一个文件夹放源文件，其实这相当于一个项目工程文件夹
[root@localhost root]# cd hello
[root@localhost hello]# vim hello.c          //新建一个hello.c的文件，输入如下内容
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
        printf("Hello, Lammy!\n");
        return 0;
}//呵呵，简单吧
//接下来就开始使用autotools来生成Makefile
[root@localhost hello]# ls
hello.c
[root@localhost hello]# autoscan      //利用它来生成configure.in的原型文件configure.scan
[root@localhost hello]# ls               //发现有什么不一样了没有
autoscan.log configure.scan hello.c
//然后修改configure.scan，并保存为configure.in
[root@localhost hello]# vim configure.scan

#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ(2.57)
AC_INIT(FULL-PACKAGE-NAME, VERSION, BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS)
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h])

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.

# Checks for library functions.
AC_OUTPUT

//把它修改为如下：
#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ(2.57)
#AC_INIT(FULL-PACKAGE-NAME, VERSION, BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS)
AC_INIT(hello,1.0)
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(hello,1.0)

AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])
AM_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h])//

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.

# Checks for library functions.
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])//AC_CONFIG_FILES用于生成Makefile的宏
AC_OUTPUT

//保存为configure.in，注意紫罗兰色部分，具体为什么可以看看http://seul.org/docs/autotut/，上面有关各个宏观的作用，不过是英文的
[root@localhost hello]# aclocal    //生成aclocal.m4
[root@localhost hello]# autoconf   //生成configure
[root@localhost hello]# ls      //又多了东西
aclocal.m4      autoscan.log configure.in    hello.c
autom4te.cache configure     configure.scan
[root@localhost hello]# autoheader    //生成config.h.in
[root@localhost hello]# ls
aclocal.m4      autoscan.log configure     configure.scan
autom4te.cache config.h.in   configure.in hello.c
//新建一个Makefile.am，它是automake的脚本，很简单
[root@localhost hello]# vim Makefile.am
//输入如下，具体什么我就不介绍啦，记住就行
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreign
bin_PRONGRAMS =hello
hello_SOURCES =hello.c
[root@localhost hello]# automake --add-missing   //生成configure.in
configure.in: installing `./install-sh'
configure.in: installing `./mkinstalldirs'
configure.in: installing `./missing'
Makefile.am: installing `./depcomp'
[root@localhost hello]# ls
aclocal.m4      config.h.in   configure.scan install-sh   missing
autom4te.cache configure     depcomp         Makefile.am mkinstalldirs
autoscan.log    configure.in hello.c         Makefile.in

[root@localhost hello]# ./configure      //生成Makefile
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of executables...
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
[root@localhost hello]# make      //编译并生成可运行的运行文件
make all-am
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/hello'
source='hello.c' object='hello.o' libtool=no \
depfile='.deps/hello.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/hello.TPo' \
depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh ./depcomp \
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.     -g -O2 -c `test -f 'hello.c' || echo './'`hello.c
gcc -g -O2   -o hello hello.o
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/hello'
[root@localhost hello]# ls      //看到它了没有
aclocal.m4      config.log      depcomp     Makefile       stamp-h1
autom4te.cache config.status   hello       Makefile.am
autoscan.log    configure       hello.c     Makefile.in
config.h        configure.in    hello.o     missing
config.h.in     configure.scan install-sh mkinstalldirs
[root@localhost hello]# ./hello   //运行下看看
Hello, Lammy!

//可以看看Makefile发现挺大的，呵呵，不管，能用就行，另外附加几个心得：
1>如果你的源文件有问题，在 make时它会有提示的，所以Makefile的生成和你的源文件正确与否没有联系，所以你修改了源文件时，只要文件名没有改，那么你可以直接从 make开始
2>AC_INIT(hello,1.0)

AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(hello,1.0)



AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])

AM_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h])//
这几个宏顺序别弄反啦哦

更具体的请看http://seul.org/docs/autotut/。

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