原创 基于51单片机的内含汉字库的LCM（二）

基于51单片机的内含汉字库的LCM（二）<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

128x64内含汉字库的液晶显示模块（LCM），具有并行和串行接口方式。有关8位并行接口，在上一篇博文中已经做过介绍，本文将介绍它串行接口方式的应用。

⒈    LCM的串行应用

本人使用的LCM型号为HXMG12864-GB，若要使用它的串行接口方式，需将板子上J8与VCC的连接断开，而将J8与GND接通（有些型号的模块需将J3断开而接通J4，一般需将与VCC的连接断开而连通GND）。

    LCM在串行模式下，将使用两根引脚——时钟线(SCLK)和串行数据线(SID)，来完成串行数据的传送。

    当需要同时连接多个LCM时，引脚CS用于使能选择。当CS接高电平时，此模块才可以进行数据传输，如果CS接低电平，则模块的内部串行传输计数器与串行数据都将被重置，此时不能进行串行传输。如果系统中只有一个LCM，此时只需将CS接高电平即可。

    从一个完整的串行数据传输过程来看，一开始需要先传输5个连续的1，作为开始标志，此时传输计数器将被重置并且串行数据将被同步；然后再传送传输方向位RW和寄存器选择位RS，最后第8位为0（向LCM发送指令—0XF8，向LCM传送数据—0XFA）。在接收到同步信号及RW和RS的开始信号后，每一个8位的指令（或数据）将被分为两个字节来传输。较高4位(DB7～DB4)的指令（数据）将被放在第一个字节的低4位，而较低4位(DB3～DB0）的指令（数据）将被放在第二个字节的低4位。相隔的其余4位都为0。串行数据传输的时序图如下所示。

<?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" />

⒉          硬件设计

这里采用AT89S52单片机作为控制器，当然也可以使用其它51系列单片机。而128x64内含汉字库的LCM工作于串形接口方式，完整的电原理图如下所示。

⒊    软件设计

128x64内含汉字库的LCM工作于串形接口方式时，显示一首唐诗和一幅图形的流程图如下所示。

详细的C51程序如下所下。

/************************************

  串行12864模块,SID-P2.1,SCLK-P2.2

  AT89S52  12MHz

*************************************/

#include "reg51.h"

#define uchar unsigned char

#define uint unsigned int

sbit SID="P2"^1;

sbit SCLK="P2"^2;

/************************************************************

*朝辞白帝彩云间,千里江陵一日还,两岸猿声啼不住,轻舟已过万重山.

*************************************************************/

unsigned char ts[4][16]=

{

    {

0xb3,0xaf,0xb4,0xc7,0xb0,0xd7,0xb5,0xdb,0xb2,0xca,0xd4,0xc6,0xbc,0xe4,0xa3,0xac

    },

    {

0xc7,0xa7,0xc0,0xef,0xbd,0xad,0xc1,0xea,0xd2,0xbb,0xc8,0xd5,0xbb,0xb9,0xa3,0xac

    },

    {

0xc1,0xbd,0xb0,0xb6,0xd4,0xb3,0xc9,0xf9,0xcc,0xe4,0xb2,0xbb,0xd7,0xa1,0xa3,0xac

    },

    {

0xc7,0xe1,0xd6,0xdb,0xd2,0xd1,0xb9,0xfd,0xcd,0xf2,0xd6,0xd8,0xc9,0xbd,0xa1,0xa3

    }

};

/****1ms延时函数*******************************/

void delay1ms(uint t)

{

uint i,j;

    for(i=0;i<t;i++)

    for(j=0;j<120;j++)

        ;

}

/*****发送指令子函数************/

void send_command(uchar command_data)

{

    uchar i;

    uchar i_data;

    i_data=0xf8;

    delay1ms(10);             //  延时约10ms

    //CS=1;

    SCLK=0;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                       //开始标志，同步，写，命令

        if(i_data&0x80)

            SID=1;

        else

            SID=0;

        SCLK=0;   

        SCLK=1; 

        i_data=i_data<<1;

    }

    i_data=command_data;

    i_data&=0xf0;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                           //高4位

        if(i_data&0x80)

            SID=1;

        else

            SID=0;

        SCLK=0;   

        SCLK=1;

        i_data=i_data<<1;

    }

    i_data=command_data;

    i_data=i_data<<4;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                           //低4位

        if(i_data&0x80)

            SID=1;

        else

            SID=0;

        SCLK=0;   

        SCLK=1;

        i_data=i_data<<1;

    }

    //CS=0; 

}

/*****发送数据子函数************/

void send_data(uchar command_data)

{

    uchar i;

    uchar i_data;

    i_data=0xfa;

    delay1ms(10);                 //  延时约10ms

    //CS=1;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                           ////开始标志，同步，写，数据

        if(i_data&0x80)

            SID=1;

        else

            SID=0;

        SCLK=0;   

        SCLK=1;

        i_data=i_data<<1;

    } 

    i_data=command_data;

    i_data&=0xf0;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                       //高4位

        if(i_data&0x80)

            SID=1;

        else

            SID=0;

        SCLK=0;   

        SCLK=1;

        i_data=i_data<<1;

    }

    i_data=command_data;

    i_data=i_data<<4;

    for(i=0;i<8;i++)

    {                       //低4位

    if(i_data&0x80)

        SID=1;

    else

        SID=0;

    SCLK=0;   

    SCLK=1;

    i_data=i_data<<1;

    }

    //CS=0;

}

/*****唐诗显示子函数************/

void display_cpubbs()

{

    uchar command_data,m,n;

    for(m=1;m<5;m++)

    {

        switch(m)

        {

            case 1:command_data=0x80; break;

            case 2:command_data=0x90; break;

            case 3:command_data=0x88; break;

            case 4:command_data=0x98; break;

        }

        send_command(command_data); 

        for(n=0;n<16;n++)

            send_data(ts[m-1][n]);      //该行的唐诗

    }

}

/********电脑桌面数据********************/

uchar code dnzm[]=

{

0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xFF,0xF0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xBF,0xFF,0xDC,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x1F,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xBF,0xFF,0xBC,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x7F,0xFF,0xB8,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x7F,0xFF,0x78,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x19,0xFF,0xFE,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0xFF,0xFF,0x70,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0xFF,0xFE,0xF0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x01,0xFF,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x05,0xFF,0xFE,0xE0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x7F,0xD0,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x05,0xFF,0xFD,0xE0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x06,0x00,0x0F,0xB0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0B,0xFF,0xFD,0xC0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x06,0x03,0xFC,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0B,0xFF,0xFB,0xC0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x03,0x1F,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xFB,0x80,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xF7,0x80,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xF7,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x09,0xFF,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0xF6,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x7F,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x03,0xC2,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x9F,0xDE,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x3B,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x67,0xDF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0xE3,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0xBF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x03,0x8E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x06,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x1F,0x80,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x1F,0xC0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x07,0xE0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x06,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x1F,0xE0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x3F,0xC0,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x05,0x40,0x88,0x04,0x01,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x0A,0x81,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x20,0x01,

0x80,0x79,0x21,0x08,0x02,0x21,0x49,0x00,0x00,0xF2,0x42,0x10,0x04,0x47,0x10,0x01,

0x80,0x09,0x07,0xDF,0x7F,0xF7,0xAA,0x00,0x00,0x12,0x0F,0xBE,0x7F,0xE5,0xFE,0x01,

0x80,0x7F,0xF4,0x51,0x08,0x81,0x2C,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xE8,0xA2,0x44,0x47,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x09,0x04,0x61,0x08,0x81,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x12,0x08,0xC2,0x7F,0xC5,0x4A,0x01,

0x80,0x0B,0x24,0x51,0x08,0x83,0x81,0x00,0x00,0x16,0x48,0xA2,0x44,0x45,0x6A,0x01,

0x80,0x1D,0x47,0xC9,0x05,0x05,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x3A,0x8F,0x92,0x44,0x47,0x52,0x01,

0x80,0x68,0x84,0x49,0x05,0x05,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0xD1,0x08,0x92,0x7F,0xC5,0x6A,0x01,

0x80,0x09,0x94,0x41,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x13,0x28,0x82,0x44,0x05,0x4A,0x01,

0x80,0x0E,0x57,0xC1,0x0D,0x81,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0xAF,0x82,0x04,0x29,0x42,0x01,

0x80,0x38,0x34,0x4E,0x70,0x71,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x68,0x9C,0x03,0xEB,0x7E,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,

0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF

};

/*********显示图形子函数**********/

void display_photo()

{

    uchar i,j,k=0x80;

    send_command(0x3c);     //设置8BIT控制，绘图OFF

    for(i=0;i<32;i++)

    {

        send_command(k);        //设置绘图区的Y地址坐标

        k=k+1;

        send_command(0x80);     //设置绘图区的X地址坐标

        for(j=0;j<16;j++)

            send_data(dnzm[i*16+j]);        //将点阵数据写入上半屏GDRAM

    }

    k=0x80;

    for(i=0;i<32;i++)

    {

        send_command(k);        //设置绘图区的Y地址坐标

        k=k+1;

        send_command(0x88);     //设置绘图区的X地址坐标

        for(j=0;j<16;j++)

            send_data(dnzm[512+i*16+j]);        //将点阵数据写入下半屏GDRAM

    }

    send_command(0x30);

    send_command(0x01);

    send_command(0x3e);     //设置8BIT控制，绘图ON（显示图形）

}

//  主函数（程序入口）

main(void)

{

    delay1ms(100);               //  延时约100ms

    send_command(0x30);     //设置8位数据,基本指令集

    send_command(0x0c);     //开显示

    for (;;)

    {

        send_command(0x30);     //设置8位数据,基本指令集

        send_command(0x01);     //清DDRAM

        display_cpubbs();       //调唐诗显示子函数

        display_photo();        //调图形显示子函数

        delay1ms(3000);

    }

}

启动MedWin V3.0，执行菜单命令“项目管理”→“新建项目”创建新项目（或利用原有项目），然后再执行菜单命令“项目管理”→“新建文件”，文件名为“HLCDC”，并点选“C语言程序”，再点击“完成”，然后在编辑窗口中输入上述源程序，经编译无误后，在构建窗口中将显示无错误。注意：需执行菜单命令“设置”→“设置编译工具”→点选“指定路径下的编译工具”（该软件默认的是汇编语言），将C51文件夹放在适当的路径下（可利用Keil中的C51）。

⒈    仿真调试

本人使用的硬件仿真器是万利公司的“ME-52HU”，将仿真头插入目标板中的CPU插座，先后接通目标板和仿真器的电源，点击快捷按钮“产生代码并装入”，将出现十几个调试的快捷按钮，此时可以点击某个快捷按钮进行调试。当点击“全速运行”按钮时，将会先后显示一首唐诗和电脑桌面图形，如下所示。

本人邮箱:txxyc104@163.com,欢迎来信讨论.