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2015-4-3 22:15
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#include stdio.h #includemath.h struct _pid { int pv; //integer that contains the process value 过程量 int sp; //*integer that contains the set point 设定值 float integral; // 积分值 -- 偏差累计值 float pgain; float igain; float dgain; int deadband; //死区 int last_error; }; struct _pid warm,*pid; int process_point, set_point,dead_band; float p_gain, i_gain, d_gain, integral_val,new_integ;; //---------------------------------------------- pid_init DESCRIPTION This function initializes the pointers in the _pid structure to the process variable and the setpoint . *pv and *sp are integer pointers . //---------------------------------------------- void pid_init(struct _pid *warm, int process_point, int set_point) { struct _pid *pid; pid = warm; pid-pv = process_point; pid-sp = set_point; } //----------------------------------------------pid_tune DESCRIPTION Sets the proportional gain (p_gain), integral gain (i_gain), derivitive gain (d_gain), and the dead band (dead_band) of a pid control structure _pid. 设定PID参数 ---- P,I,D,死区 //---------------------------------------------- void pid_tune(struct _pid *pid, float p_gain, float i_gain, float d_gain, int dead_band) { pid-pgain = p_gain; pid-igain = i_gain; pid-dgain = d_gain; pid-deadband = dead_band; pid-integral= integral_val; pid-last_error=0; } //---------------------------------------------- pid_setinteg DESCRIPTION Set a new value for the integral term of the pid equation. This is useful for setting the initial output of the pid controller at start up. 设定输出初始值 //---------------------------------------------- void pid_setinteg(struct _pid *pid,float new_integ) { pid-integral = new_integ; pid-last_error = 0; } //---------------------------------------------- pid_bumpless DESCRIPTION Bumpless transfer algorithim. When suddenly changing setpoints, or when restarting the PID equation after an extended pause, the derivative of the equation can cause a bump in the controller output. This function will help smooth out that bump. The process value in *pv should be the updated just before this function is used. pid_bumpless 实现无扰切换 当突然改变设定值时,或重新启动后,将引起扰动输出。这个函数将能实现平顺扰动,在调用该函数之前需要先更新PV值 //---------------------------------------------- void pid_bumpless(struct _pid *pid) { pid-last_error = (pid-sp)-(pid-pv); //设定值与反馈值偏差 } //---------------------------------------------- pid_calc DESCRIPTION Performs PID calculations for the _pid structure *a. This function uses the positional form of the pid equation, and incorporates an integral windup prevention algorithim. Rectangular integration is used, so this function must be repeated on a consistent time basis for accurate control. RETURN VALUE The new output value for the pid loop. USAGE #include "control.h" 本函数使用位置式PID计算方式,并且采取了积分饱和限制运算 PID计算 //---------------------------------------------- float pid_calc(struct _pid *pid) { int err; float pterm, dterm, result, ferror; // 计算偏差 err = (pid-sp) - (pid-pv); // 判断是否大于死区 if (abs(err) pid-deadband) { ferror = (float) err; //do integer to float conversion only once 数据类型转换 // 比例项 pterm = pid-pgain * ferror; if (pterm 100 || pterm -100) { pid-integral = 0.0; } else { // 积分项 pid-integral += pid-igain * ferror; // 输出为0--100% // 如果计算结果大于100,则等于100 if (pid-integral 100.0) { pid-integral = 100.0; } // 如果计算结果小于0.0,则等于0 else if (pid-integral 0.0) pid-integral = 0.0; } // 微分项 dterm = ((float)(err - pid-last_error)) * pid-dgain; result = pterm + pid-integral + dterm; } else result = pid-integral; // 在死区范围内,保持现有输出 // 保存上次偏差 pid-last_error = err; // 输出PID值(0-100) return (result); } //---------------------------------------------- void main(void) { float display_value; int count=0; pid = warm; // printf("Enter the values of Process point, Set point, P gain, I gain, D gain n"); // scanf("%d%d%f%f%f", process_point, set_point, p_gain, i_gain, d_gain); // 初始化参数 process_point = 30; set_point = 40; p_gain = (float)(5.2); i_gain = (float)(0.77); d_gain = (float)(0.18); dead_band = 2; integral_val =(float)(0.01); printf("The values of Process point, Set point, P gain, I gain, D gain n"); printf(" %6d %6d %4f %4f %4fn", process_point, set_point, p_gain, i_gain, d_gain); printf("Enter the values of Process pointn"); while(count=20) { scanf("%d",process_point); // 设定PV,SP值 pid_init(warm, process_point, set_point); // 初始化PID参数值 pid_tune(warm, p_gain,i_gain,d_gain,dead_band); // 初始化PID输出值 pid_setinteg(warm,0.0); //pid_setinteg(warm,30.0); //Get input value for process point pid_bumpless(warm); // how to display output display_value = pid_calc(warm); printf("%fn", display_value); //printf("n%f%f%f%f",warm.pv,warm.sp,warm.igain,warm.dgain); count++; } }