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文章 175
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阅读 475818
评论 32
赞 1012

原创旋转LED-POVLED

 2010-6-5 16:10  3098 5 5 分类: MCU/ 嵌入式

耗时两个多月，做了一个半成品之后，终于在这万花盛开的五月，做出了这个看似那么简单，却是那么困难的小东西。下面先让大家看看这个小东西吧。

　　　　这个是个焊接好后的单片机控制系统，由16个贴片了LED组成。

　　　　这是我画的PCB版。

　　　　下面给单片机的部分来一个特写！呵呵

这个是焊接好单片机的图片

　　　　单片机选用的是STC89C52RC 贴片QFPP 44脚封装的，有四个空脚，没有P4口。

　　　　然后是往上面装LED灯了，下图是我测试LED灯的亮度的和电压的，因为是旋转起来的，怕电机带不动，就使用的MP3里面的小充电电池，电压只有3.7V，不过对于单片机来说足够了，限流电阻为100，有些大，不过，没有办法，手头上只能弄到100的，还是从手机的主板上取下来的。

　　　　测试了一下，还勉强可以把，在不是很亮的地方能够看到灯亮。。。。。。。夜里效果就明显了。。

　　　　焊接好单片机最小系统后，就开始着手中断处理了。。。

　　　　网上有很多高手都是用的红外管，刚开始我也是学着别人用红外管，但是很遗憾，不知道是把红外管给烧了还是自己技术达不到，怎么弄都不行。最后想到了放弃……改为了机械中断，但是，自己又不是学机械的，用钳子粗粗糙糙的整出了一个电机的电刷，准备用于中断上，可是那东西太脆弱了，一不小心就弄坏了，还整报废两个电机，真让人伤心，所以中间有一段时间就没有做。

　　　　后来发现了干簧管，不过，那只是一个新东西，让我学到了什么是干簧管，灵敏度根本达不到POVLED的要求。顺便说一下什么是干簧管吧。

　　　　干簧管的管中有两个特制的感磁性的两端，当有磁铁靠近时，就可以连接起来，可由于产生中断。网上也有高人用这小东东做自行车的计速器。

　　　　功夫不负有心人啊！想到了磁，我终于想到了霍尔传感器，就从报废的光驱上取下了一个四脚贴片的霍尔传感器，上网上怎么也找不到那东西的资料，就只知道使用来测光驱主轴电机的速度的。

　　　　最后不得不抽时间去济南欧亚买了一个正儿八经的霍尔传感器。

　　　　那个是从网上找的图片，我用的是AH44E 单极性开关型霍尔传感器。应用方法如下：

接在单片机的外部中断上，直接可产生中断信号，不过要注意，是单极性的，磁铁的方向很重要。。。。

下面是传动装置的设计。电机选择的是光驱里面的电机，因为他的主轴比磁带式随身听的电机的主轴长，易于安装旋转部分的主板。组装如下图。

　　　　电机的下面是五块磁钢！电阻使用来美观的，覆铜板是用来固定下面的电池和易于取下该模块的。就是说，把它放在铁质的材料上固定，解决了晃动的问题，而取下来就麻烦了。使用了五块磁钢，与平面的铁片等“粘”的很结实。为防止弄开电机和磁钢，即使用了这个覆铜板，用手那两边将它从铁片上移开。

覆铜板上的电阻是用来固定覆铜板和电池的，防止取下时弄开。

　　　　电机带动的部分是从随声听上取下来的，不过，这年代，随声听都是报废的了，拆了就行了，呵呵

　　　　改装后的照片！有点难看，这是旋转板的背面，在板上打孔，把那个固定在板上。固定点效果真的不错。右边的小孔里就是霍尔传感器。

　　　　下面是电机部分的总图，呵呵，可是费了一个星期来构思和设计哈！

　　　　最后在对灯进行测试的时候，发现电机的转速过快，对显示的影响不是很大，但是对电机的固定构成了考验，我的床头书架上是2CM的方形空铁棍，放上面晃晃悠悠的，感觉不安全。自己学电机学的不好，只能胡来了，就直接串接了一个50的电阻。这样速度就不再影响稳定了。同样，显示就显得有一点晃，不过影响不大。

　　　　电机的开关处放了一个LED灯，会影响显示，但是，旋转板有点长，夜里使用才可看到效果，在夜里就同样看不到开关，那样就不好把电机关掉，所以放了个灯，照着开关，防止关的时候打到手。被打到会很疼的。。。。。当然，我是为了美观，也可以直接一处一条电机的开关线，就省了这么麻烦了……呵呵

　　　　锂电池是固定在里面的，用透明胶带和双面胶粘的，同时留下了充电的接口。方便！……

　　　　接口右边的铁片上有透明胶带，防止开关部分的焊点短路。

下面是视频的链接，视频录的不是太理想。

http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/1VFhjbVSIgc/

最后了，附上我的资料……呵呵。不过程序没有实现头尾的对接，留到以后在写吧。

　　　　源程序：

/****************************************************************************
程序名：　　 POV 滚动字幕控制程序
编写人：　　朱志强
编写时间：　　2010年6月
硬件支持：　　STC89C52RC2 外部时钟24M

接口说明：　　单片机P1、P2侧并行排列16个贴片LED（自P2.0开始（-））
******************************************************************************
说明：

字幕的修改方法，从左到右，从下到上，纵向下高位。
//----字模提取，下部在前-AB---------------
//---------排列方式------CD---顺序是CADB--

******************************************************************************/
#include <reg52.h>

/*****************************************************************************
字幕数组
******************************************************************************/
unsigned char code zimu[] = {// (取码：从下到上从左到右，纵向8位下高位）
//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//不
0x00,0x02,0x08,0x02,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x02,0x00,0x82,0x00,0x42,0xFF,0xF2,
0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x42,0x00,0x82,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x02,0x06,0x03,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,

//经
0x24,0x20,0x66,0x30,0x25,0x2C,0x14,0xA3,0x14,0x60,0x54,0x30,0x40,0x82,0x42,0x82,
0x42,0x42,0x42,0x22,0x7E,0x12,0x42,0x1A,0x42,0x26,0x62,0x42,0x40,0xC0,0x00,0x00,

//意
0x40,0x10,0x30,0x10,0x00,0x12,0x77,0xD2,0x85,0x56,0x85,0x5A,0x8D,0x52,0x95,0x53,
0xB5,0x52,0x85,0x5A,0x85,0x56,0xE7,0xF3,0x00,0x52,0x10,0x18,0x60,0x10,0x00,0x00,

//间
0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xF8,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x3F,0xF6,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x12,0x11,0x12,
0x11,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x3F,0xFA,0x40,0x12,0x80,0x02,0x7F,0xFF,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,

//就
0x20,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x4B,0xE8,0x82,0x29,0x7E,0x2A,0x02,0x28,0x8B,0xEC,0x50,0x28,
0x20,0x20,0x1F,0xFF,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0xA2,0x40,0x24,0x40,0x30,0x70,0x20,0x00,0x00,

//会
0x20,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x4B,0xE8,0x82,0x29,0x7E,0x2A,0x02,0x28,0x8B,0xEC,0x50,0x28,
0x20,0x20,0x1F,0xFF,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0xA2,0x40,0x24,0x40,0x30,0x70,0x20,0x00,0x00,

//这
0x00,0x40,0x40,0x42,0x20,0x44,0x1F,0xCC,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x50,0x28,0x48,0x48,
0x44,0x89,0x43,0x0E,0x44,0xC8,0x58,0x38,0x40,0x0C,0x60,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//样
0x04,0x10,0x03,0x10,0x00,0xD0,0xFF,0xFF,0x04,0x50,0x04,0x98,0x04,0x49,0x04,0x4A,
0x04,0x4C,0xFF,0xF8,0x04,0x4C,0x04,0x6A,0x04,0x49,0x06,0x08,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"突",
0x81,0x10,0x81,0x0C,0x41,0x04,0x41,0x24,0x21,0x14,0x11,0x0C,0x0D,0x05,0x03,0xE6,
0x0D,0x04,0x11,0x4C,0x21,0x94,0x21,0x34,0x41,0x04,0xC1,0x94,0x41,0x0C,0x00,0x00,

//"然",
0x00,0x80,0x90,0x40,0x68,0xB0,0x05,0x2F,0x02,0x48,0x61,0x88,0x08,0x78,0x04,0x20,
0x02,0x20,0x61,0xA0,0x00,0x7F,0x01,0xA0,0x26,0x24,0x4C,0x28,0xC4,0x20,0x00,0x00,
//"好",
0x40,0x10,0x22,0x10,0x15,0xF0,0x08,0x1F,0x14,0x10,0x63,0xF0,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x82,
0x40,0x82,0x80,0x82,0x7F,0xE2,0x00,0x92,0x00,0x8A,0x00,0xC6,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,

//"想",
0x41,0x08,0x30,0x88,0x00,0x68,0x7B,0xFF,0x80,0x48,0x80,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x93,0xFE,
0xB2,0x52,0x82,0x52,0x82,0x52,0xE2,0x52,0x03,0xFF,0x10,0x02,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"你",
0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0xFF,0xF8,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x43,0x0F,
0x80,0x08,0x7F,0xC8,0x00,0x08,0x01,0x08,0x06,0x28,0x0C,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"你",
0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0xFF,0xF8,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x43,0x0F,
0x80,0x08,0x7F,0xC8,0x00,0x08,0x01,0x08,0x06,0x28,0x0C,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"会",
0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x02,0x40,0x42,0x20,0x62,0x50,0x52,0x48,0x4E,0x44,0x42,0x43,
0x42,0x44,0x52,0x48,0x62,0x50,0xC3,0x20,0x02,0x40,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,

//"在",
0x08,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x02,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x00,0xC8,0x40,0x38,0x41,0x0F,0x41,0x08,
0x41,0x08,0x7F,0xE8,0x41,0x08,0x41,0x88,0x41,0x08,0x60,0x0C,0x40,0x08,0x00,0x00,

//"哪",
0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x08,0x04,0x5F,0xFC,0x21,0x12,0x19,0x12,0x07,0xFE,0x21,0x12,
0x41,0x12,0x3F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x10,0x42,0x20,0xBA,0x1F,0x06,0x00,0x00,

//"里",
0x40,0x00,0x48,0x00,0x49,0xFE,0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x7F,0xFE,
0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x49,0x12,0x4D,0xFF,0x68,0x02,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"一",
0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,
0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,
//"切",
0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x1F,0xFF,0x88,0x20,0x84,0x30,0x42,0x20,0x20,0x04,
0x18,0x04,0x07,0xFC,0x40,0x04,0x80,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x3F,0xFE,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,

//"还",
0x40,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1F,0xEC,0x20,0x00,0x44,0x04,0x42,0x04,0x41,0x04,0x40,0x84,
0x5F,0xE4,0x40,0x1C,0x40,0x84,0x41,0x04,0x43,0x04,0x66,0x06,0x20,0x04,0x00,0x00,

//"是",
0x01,0x00,0x81,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x21,0x00,0x1D,0x7F,0x21,0x49,0x41,0x49,0x7F,0x49,
0x89,0x49,0x89,0x49,0x8D,0x7F,0x89,0x00,0x81,0x00,0xC1,0x80,0x41,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"那",
0x00,0x00,0x41,0x12,0x21,0x12,0x19,0x12,0x07,0xFE,0x21,0x12,0x41,0x12,0x3F,0xFE,
0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x02,0x10,0x42,0x20,0xB2,0x11,0x0F,0x0E,0x02,0x00,0x00,

//"么",
0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x20,0x80,0x30,0x40,0x28,0x20,0x24,0x10,0x22,0x0C,0x21,0x83,
0x20,0x40,0x20,0x30,0x24,0x00,0x28,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"清",
0x04,0x10,0x04,0x22,0xFE,0x64,0x01,0x0C,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0x44,0xFF,0x54,0x15,0x54,
0x15,0x54,0x15,0x7F,0x55,0x54,0x95,0x54,0x7F,0xD6,0x01,0x44,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,

//"析",
0x04,0x10,0x03,0x10,0x00,0xD0,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x90,0x41,0x10,0x30,0x00,0x0F,0xFC,
0x00,0x44,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x44,0xFF,0xC2,0x00,0x43,0x00,0x62,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"只",
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x23,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x19,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,
0x01,0x04,0x09,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x23,0xFE,0x60,0x04,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"愿",
0x08,0x00,0x84,0x00,0x63,0xFE,0x00,0x02,0x79,0xF2,0x85,0x52,0x81,0x5A,0x99,0x56,
0xAF,0x52,0x81,0x52,0x81,0x52,0xE5,0x52,0x09,0xFB,0x20,0x12,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"你",
0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0xFF,0xF8,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x43,0x0F,
0x80,0x08,0x7F,0xC8,0x00,0x08,0x01,0x08,0x06,0x28,0x0C,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"幸",
0x00,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x09,0x24,0x09,0x24,0x09,0x64,0x09,0xA4,0x09,0x24,0xFF,0x3F,
0x09,0x24,0x09,0xA4,0x09,0x64,0x09,0xA6,0x0D,0x24,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,

//"福",
0x02,0x10,0x01,0x10,0x00,0x91,0xFF,0xD6,0x00,0xB0,0xFF,0x02,0x49,0x7A,0x49,0x4A,
0x49,0x4A,0x7F,0x4A,0x49,0x4A,0x49,0x4A,0x49,0x7B,0xFF,0x82,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"美",
0x80,0x80,0x84,0x88,0x84,0xA8,0x44,0xA8,0x44,0xA9,0x24,0xAA,0x14,0xAE,0x0F,0xF8,
0x14,0xAC,0x24,0xAA,0x24,0xAB,0x44,0xA8,0x46,0xAC,0xC4,0x88,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,

//"丽",
0x00,0x02,0x00,0x02,0xFF,0xF2,0x01,0x12,0x42,0x12,0x80,0x12,0x7F,0xF2,0x00,0x02,
0xFF,0xF2,0x01,0x12,0x42,0x12,0x80,0x12,0x7F,0xFA,0x00,0x13,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,

0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"我",
0x00,0x20,0x08,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x84,0x24,0x7F,0xFE,0x02,0x23,0x21,0x22,0x10,0x20,
0x09,0xFF,0x06,0x20,0x1A,0x22,0x61,0xAC,0x80,0x20,0xE0,0x30,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,

//"只",
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x23,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x19,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,
0x01,0x04,0x09,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x23,0xFE,0x60,0x04,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"在",
0x08,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x02,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x00,0xC8,0x40,0x38,0x41,0x0F,0x41,0x08,
0x41,0x08,0x7F,0xE8,0x41,0x08,0x41,0x88,0x41,0x08,0x60,0x0C,0x40,0x08,0x00,0x00,

//"乎",
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x01,0x12,0x01,0x22,0x41,0x62,0x81,0x02,0x7F,0xFE,
0x01,0x02,0x01,0x41,0x01,0x21,0x01,0x31,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//"你",
0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0xFF,0xF8,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x43,0x0F,
0x80,0x08,0x7F,0xC8,0x00,0x08,0x01,0x08,0x06,0x28,0x0C,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//I
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x1F,0xFC,
0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//心形
0x01,0xF8,0x03,0xFC,0x07,0xFE,0x0F,0xFF,0x1F,0xFF,0x3F,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFF,0xFC,
0xFF,0xFC,0x7F,0xFE,0x3F,0xFF,0x1F,0xFF,0x0F,0xFF,0x07,0xFE,0x03,0xFC,0x01,0xF8,

//Y
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x78,0x20,0xF8,0x21,0xC8,0x3F,0x80,
0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x80,0x20,0xC8,0x20,0x68,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,

//O
0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x0F,0xE0,0x1F,0xF0,0x18,0x38,0x30,0x18,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,
0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x30,0x18,0x1C,0x70,0x1F,0xF0,0x0F,0xE0,0x03,0x80,

//U
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0xF8,0x1F,0xF8,0x3F,0xF8,0x30,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,
0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x30,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x0F,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,

//笑脸
0x07,0xE0,0x0F,0xF0,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x14,0x40,0x52,
0x44,0x52,0x44,0x52,0x48,0x12,0x88,0x11,0x90,0x21,0x90,0x21,0x90,0x01,0x90,0x01,

0x90,0x01,0x90,0x01,0x90,0x21,0x90,0x21,0x88,0x11,0x48,0x12,0x44,0x52,0x44,0x52,
0x40,0x52,0x20,0x14,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x24,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x0F,0xF0,0x07,0xE0,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

//空格
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
};

unsigned char i;
unsigned int c,j;
void delay(unsigned char ms)
{
while(ms--)
{
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
;
}
}

void main()
{
IT0=1;
EX0=1;
EA=1;
P1=0xff;
P2=0xff;
while(1) ;
}

//---------下位P1 上位P2 高在上地在下---
void int0() interrupt 0
{
for(j=c;j<c+192;)//--显示N/16个字
{
  P1=zimu[j++];
  P2=zimu[j++];
  delay(8);
  P1=0X00;
  P2=0X00;
}
c=c+2;//-----滚屏的速度--------------
if(c>1800-192)
  c=0;
}
　　　　我没有画原理图，直接画的PCB，手动布线和。