From smart phones to medical equipment, from microwaves to antilock braking systems — modern embedded systems projects develop computing machines that have become an integral part of our society. To develop these products, computer engineers employ a wide range of tools and technology to assemble embedded systems from hardware and software components. One component — the Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) — is becoming increasingly important. Informally, an FPGA can be thought of as a “blank slate” on which any digital circuit can be configured (Figure 1.1). Moreover, the desired functionality can be configured in the field — that is, after the device has been manufactured, installed in a product, or, in some cases, even after the product has been shipped to the consumer. This makes the FPGA device fundamentally different from other Integrated Circuit (IC) devices. In short, an FPGA provides programmable “hardware” to the embedded systems developerEmbedded Systems Design with Platform FPGAs This page intentionally left blank Embedded Systems Design with Platform FPGAs Principles and Practices Ron Sass Andrew G. Schmidt AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is an imprint of Elsevier Acquiring Editor: Todd Green Development Editor: Nate McFadden Project Manager: Andre Cuello Designer: Alisa Andreola Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is an imprint of Elsevier. 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA This book is printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Copyright 2010, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or tra……