III-5HOIII-5. Signal Flow Graphs (1) Signal flow graphs construction rule-(1) Signal Flow Graph (1) variable as a node (2) Sij and Γ as branches (3) branches from independent(incident waves) to dependent(reflected waves) variable nodes (4) a node is equal to the sum of the branches entering it a1 S21 b2 S11 S22 b1 S12 a2 ICE651 MMIC Design III-5-1 III-5. Signal Flow Graphs (1) Signal flow graphs construction rule-(2) Voltage-source generator Vg = E s + I g Z s Vg + Vg = Es + (Vg Vg ) Z s / Z 0 + + Load Impedance bg = bs + Γs a g where (1) bg = Vg Z0 , ag = Vg + Z0 , bs = Es Z 0 Z s + Z0 Z Z0 Γs = s Z s + Z0 VL = I L Z L V V VL + VL = Z L ( L L ) Z0 Z0 + + bL = ΓL aL where (2) + V V bL = L , aL = L Z0 Z0 ΓL = ICE651 MMIC Design Z L Z0 Z L + Z0 III-5-2 ……