放大器设计必看的一篇论文－作者：格雷IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. SC-17, NO. 6, DECEMBER , 1982 969 Special Papers MOS Operational Amplifier Design― A Tutorial Overview PAUL R. GRAY, FELLOW, IEEE, AND ROBERT G. MEYER, FELLOW, IEEE (ZnvitedPaper) Abstract-This paper presents an overview of current design techniques for operational amplifiers implemented in CMOS and NMOS technology at a tutorial level. Primary emphasis is placed on CMOS amplifiers because of their more widespread use. Factors affecting voltage gain, input ,noise, offsets, common mode and power supply rejection, power dissipation, and transient response are considered for the traditional bipolar-derived two-stage architecture. Alternative circuit approaches for optimization of particular performance aapects are summarized, and examples are ……