cmos active pixel image sensors for highly integrated imaginIEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 32, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1997 187 CMOS Active Pixel Image Sensors for Highly Integrated Imaging Systems Sunetra K. Mendis, Member, IEEE, Sabrina E. Kemeny, Member, IEEE, Russell C. Gee, Member, IEEE, Bedabrata Pain, Member, IEEE, Craig O. Staller, Quiesup Kim, Member, IEEE, and Eric R. Fossum, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract―A family of CMOS-based active pixel image sensors (APS’s) that are inherently compatible with the integration of onchip signal processing circuitry is reported. The image sensors were fabricated using commercially available 2-m CMOS processes and both p-well and n-well implementations were explored. The arrays feature random access, 5-V operation and transistortransistor logic (TTL) compatible control signals. Methods of on-chip su……