差分放大电路是一个由两个三极管组成的对称电路,不但结构相同,连参数也相同。
差分电路的特点除了对称之外,其输入信号和输出信号与普通电路也不同。两个三极管都有一个输入信号端,即差分电路可以接两个输入电压信号。同时,输出电压信号是两个三极管的集电极之间的电位差,而不是一般对地输出信号(以地位负极性端,以集电极电位为正极性端)。
差分电路这种对称,并且取两个集电极电位差做输出的特点,可以抑制温漂。这种抑制温漂的原理不同于前面在发射极上增加电阻RE抑制温漂。增加RE是通过减小输入端UBE的值来减小IB、 减小IC、IE的上升,而差分是不抑制静态点上升,利用两个集电极电位变化量相同,然后相减来得到稳定不变的输出。
在实际差分电路中,由于做不到电路绝对对称,往往是两种措施均采用,即在尽量保持对称的基础上,增加抑制温漂电阻RE。
由于差分电路的特殊性,RE不需要并联旁路电容Ce以区分温度信号还是输入信号,这是差分的结构优势所在。
差分电路在抑制温漂的同时,可以抑制共模信号,放大差模信号,从而使得当电路只对两个输入信号的差值放大,故此电路称为差分电路,或者差动电路。




















