锂电池是现在应用最广的电池了,从蓝牙耳机到电动汽车。常用锂电单体的电压一般是4.2V(标称)的,需要高压的场合必须采用多个单体串联组成高压电池组(升压方案只适合小功率),比如常用的12V充电钻,就需要三个电池串联。在串联电路路,每个电池的内阻不同,最终会导致内阻大的电池早早累死,所以需要平衡充这种充电器来保持电池组内每个电池的电压相等,避免个别电池累死
先把要制作的平衡充原理图画一下,采用模块式设计,电路很简单,6个220V->5V电源板,6个TP4056充电管理模块,再若干导线,开关,平衡插座等组成
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近一年来收集的各种5V电源板,因为选用的盒子比较小,收集的电源板又是各种形状各种尺寸,大部分都放不进去,最后又砸了个htc充电头才凑够6个
壳子来源:电话线整线盒 TZ7204
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比划放置位置,最后定下来6块竖放,空间刚好够用
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焊线,过程省略,下图是焊接好的样子
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4056输出线中间的五根是共用线,它是左边4056的正极,右边4056的负极
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充电器设想弄两开关,分别控制3路,只充3串电池时另外三个可以关掉省电
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孔开好了,找了半天手上只有这么一个小开关,上马家杂货铺淘去
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等快递的日子里不闲着,把6路先接到一个开关试机,成功亮灯
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淘的开关到了
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用两个,统一起见,原来的白色就不用了
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开关比划下,把引脚弯一下,与电路板预留合适的距离
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后面有空间,就装个8字座,不用的时候电源线可以收起来
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高压部分都接好了
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安全到位的样子
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通电试一下,感觉良好
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上盖开孔,这是充电指示灯的孔,划线后用电钻+3.0钻头
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6个孔,效果不错的
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插一个led试试,刚好插到底,还能卡住
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焊线,焊点烤套管
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把6个指示路焊到4056小板上面,再把平衡插座小板焊上
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插个电池测试下,红灯充电
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外壳开孔,小板竖放在这个位置,准备用热熔胶固定
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根据坛友的建议,热熔胶可靠度不高,会有安全隐患,今天又加了隔离板并涂了704加固,704可以耐高温低温,不容易老化脱落
0.8mm的pcb空板作为绝缘隔离片
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两个电池之间插入并用704固定电源板和绝缘片
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弄好的样子,这下安全多了
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4056后面贴铝板帮助散热
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接口小板特写
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指示灯打胶加固
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最后看一眼,准备盒盖
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标签设计一下
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打印好
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剪下来贴上 这盒子中间原来有标签位置
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接口也要标示,一样弄个标签贴边上
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底下装上橡胶脚垫
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成品外观照
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各角度欣赏
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背面的8字电源插座
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侧面的开关
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分别控制3路
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充电器主体重260g
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加上电源线323g
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准备给笔记本“UPS”充电
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插上去,5个红灯,一个绿灯,那一路是空的
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电压19.9v 充电进行中
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全绿了
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充电宝电压21.1v 4.2*5,刚好21v
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技术交流请联系原作者
作者:zhkrid
本文来源:数码之家