随着移动设备的普及和技术的不断进步,充电器作为我们日常生活中必不可少的配件之一,也在不断演进。其中,PD(Power Delivery)充电器作为一种新一代的充电技术,正逐渐受到广大用户的关注和喜爱。
PD充电器拥有更高的功率输出能力和更快的充电速度。与传统的USB充电器相比,PD充电器可以为电子设备提供更多的电力,从而大大缩短了充电时间。无论是手机、平板还是笔记本电脑,通过使用PD充电器,都可以实现快速、高效的充电体验。
以下是基于思睿达主推的CR6900ASP+CR3015A_30W PD智能快充方案。该样机方案在同类产品中成本低廉,可以智能匹配通信设备,实现快速充电。具有低待机,高效率的特性;全模式(5V/9V/12V/15V/20V)满足快充能效标准。
01、样机介绍
该测试报告是基于一个能实现宽输入电压范围的30W PD智能快充,可根据被充电设备USB信号调节5V/9V/12V/15V/20V输出电压。PWM功率开关采用了思睿达主推的CR6900ASP,同步整流芯片为思睿达主推的CR3015A。
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CR6900ASP+CR3015A_30W PD工程样机示意图
关于CR6900ASP
CR6900ASP是一款高集成度、低待机功耗的CCM+PFM混合电流模式PWM控制开关。CR6900ASP轻载时会降低频率,最低频率22kHz可避免音频噪声。
CR6900ASP提供了完整的保护功能,如OCP、OTP、VDD_OVP、UVLO等。软启动功能可以减少系统启动时MOSFET的应力,前沿消隐时间简化了系统应用。通过频率抖动和软驱动电路的设计,降低开关噪声,简化了EMI设计,CR6900ASP OVP电压高达56V,提供更宽的VDD工作电压范围。CR6900ASP提供ASOP-6L的封装。
芯片特性:
● CR6900ASP是内置650V高压MOSFET的CCM+PFM模式PWM功率开关;
● 内建软启动减小MOSFET应力,内建同步斜坡补偿电路消除次谐波振荡;
● 65kHz开关频率,具有频率抖动功能,使其具有良好的EMI特性;
● 全电压输入范围,低待机功耗<75mW;
● 能效满足DOE Ⅵ和CoC V5_T2要求;
● 较宽的VDD工作电压范围(8~54V)便于设计;
● 具有“OLP、SCP、OTP、OVP、输出二极管短路”等自动恢复保护功能。
基本应用:
● AC/DC适配器
● PD电源适配器
● 充电器
● 存储设备电源
典型应用
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管脚排列
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管脚描述
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关于CR3015A芯片特性:
● 可工作于CCM、DCM和QR模式,外围电路简单;
● 最高工作频率可达200kHz;
● 外驱MOS,驱动能力强,可灵活应用。
样机特性:
● 多电压输出,智能匹配通信设备,实现快速充电;
● 低待机,高效率。全模式(5V/9V/12V/15V/20V)满足快充能效标准;
● 符合EMI标准,EN55022B&EN55013。
CR6900ASP是一款采用内置650V高压功率MOSFET,具有优化的图腾驱动电路以及宽VDD工作电压电流模式PWM控制器,适用于待机功耗<75mW的AC/DC电源适配器、充电器电源。CR6900ASP采用CCM+PFM工作模式,整机全负载范围内都有着较高的转换效率。在空载时,电路采用间歇模式,有效的降低了待机功耗。内建抖频功能,具有良好的EMI特性,样机EMI满足EN55022B&EN55013标准。
该样机方案在同类产品中成本低廉,该样机尺寸为54mm×44mm×22mm,具有“OLP、SCP、OVP、OTP、输出二极管短路保护”等自动恢复多种保护功能。
样机的变压器,采用了RM8磁芯(PC40材质),变压器绕制工艺部分,请见后文详细说明。
02、样机特性
以下表格为工程样机的主要特性,具体测试方法在第4章节中有详细说明。
2.1、输入特性
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2.2、输出特性
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2.3、整机参数
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2.4、保护功能测试
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2.5、工作环境
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2.6、测试仪
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03、样机结构信息
本小节展示了工程样机的电路、版图结构,变压器结构及工艺。
3.1、电路原理图及PCB版图:
(1)电源部分原理图:
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(2)PD协议部分原理图
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(3)电源部分PCB版图:
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(4)PD协议部分PCB版图:
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顶层丝印
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顶层布线
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底层丝印
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底层布线
3.2、变压器绕制工艺:
(1)变压器电性及结构示意图:
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(2)规格参数:
1)骨架:RM8 立式(6+2PIN),Ae=64mm²;
2)材质:TDK PC40或同等材质;
3)初级、反馈:2UEW 漆包线;
4)次级:三层绝缘线;
5)绝缘胶带:3M1298或同等材质;
6)初级绕组感量Lp:0.68mH±5%(测试条件:0.25V,10kHz);
7)漏感量LLK:要求控制在初级绕组的5%以内(测试条件:0.25V,10kHz);
8)耐压测试=3KV 5mA 1Min;
9)成品要求:浸凡立水。
(3)、变压器参数:
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3.3、元器件清单:
(1)电源部分BOM表
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(2)PD协议部分BOM表
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04、性能测评
样机性能主要是针对工程样机的输入部分、输出部分、各种保护以及一些时序进行了测试,以下为详细测试方法及结果。从测试结果来看,以下各项测试均合格,能够满足大部分客户的要求。
4.1、输入特性:
本样机经过在不同的输入电压(从90VAC到264VAC)和不同负载条件(空载和满 载)下测试,得到待机功耗、效率及平均效率。
表1、无负载待机功耗(输出5V时)
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表2、输出PCB板端测试100%载下的输入特性
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表3、输出板端测试的效率特性
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4.2、输出特性:
注:以下数据均为板端测试;
4.2.1 线性调整率和负载调整率:
表4、线性调整率和负载调整
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4.2.2 输出电压纹波及噪音:
注:纹波及噪音测量时示波器探头并联10uF/50V电解电容和0.1uF/50V CBB电容,示波器带宽限制为20MHz。
表5、电压纹波测试
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纹波噪声波形图:
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Fig1 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,5V3A no load
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Fig2 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,5V3A 100% load
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Fig3 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,5V3A no load
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Fig4 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,5V3A 100% load
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Fig5 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,9V3A no load
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Fig6 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,9V3A 100% load
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Fig7 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,9V3A no load
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Fig8 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,9V3A 100% load
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Fig9 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,12V2.5A no load
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Fig10 R&N@AC90V/60Hz,12V2.5A 100% load
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Fig11 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,12V2.5A no load
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Fig12 R&N@AC264V/50Hz,12V2.5A 100%load
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Fig13 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,15V2A no load
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Fig14 R&N@AC90V/60Hz,15V2A 100%load
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Fig15 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,15V2A no load
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Fig16R&N@AC264V/50Hz,15V2A 100%load
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Fig17 R&N@ AC90V/60Hz,20V1.5A no load
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Fig18 R&N@AC90V/60Hz,20V1.5A 100%load
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Fig19 R&N@ AC264V/50Hz,20V1.5A no load
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Fig20 R&N@AC264V/50Hz,20V1.5A 100%load
4.3、保护功能:
以下测试过流保护、短路保护功能。
4.3.1 过流保护:
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4.3.2 短路保护:功率计限流电流为2.5A
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4.4、系统延时时间测试:
注:AC 端(蓝色)、VO输出端(红色)波形图。
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TON_DELAY @ AC100V,100% Load
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TON_DELAY @ AC240V,100% Load
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THOLD_UP @ AC100V,100% Load
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THOLD_UP @ AC240V,100% Load
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VOVER_SHOOT @ AC100V,100% Load
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VOVER_SHOOT @ AC240V,100% Load
4.5、温升测试:
本项测试评估成品样机(含配套塑料外壳)在25℃环境温度下长时间工作时关键器件的稳态温度值(℃)。测试条件:输入电压为90V&264V。
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4.6、其它重要波形测试:
DRAIN(红色)端、CS(蓝色)端波形图:
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AC90/60Hz,20V1.5A 100% Load
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AC115/60Hz,20V1.5A 100% load
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AC230/50Hz,20V1.5A 100% load
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AC264/50Hz,20V1.5A 100% load
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AC115/60Hz,20V1.5A 100% load 输出Vds
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AC264/50Hz,20V1.5A 100%load 输出Vds
4.7、EMI评估测试
测试条件:输入:AC115V/230V;输出:5V3A/9V3A/12V2.5A/15V2A/20V1.5A;负载类型:水泥电阻,限值标准参考:EN55013、EN55022B
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5V3A_AC115V/60Hz_传导L 线
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5V3A_AC115V/60Hz_传导N 线
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5V3A_AC230V/50Hz_传导L 线
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5V3A_AC230V/50Hz_传导N 线
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5V3A_AC115V/60Hz_辐射
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5V3A_AC230V/50Hz_辐射
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9V3A_AC115V/60Hz_传导L 线
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9V3A_AC115V/60Hz_传导N 线
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9V3A_AC230V/50Hz_传导L 线
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9V3A_AC230V/50Hz_传导N 线
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9V3A_AC115V/60Hz_辐射
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9V3A_AC230V/50Hz_辐射
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12V2.5A_AC115V/60Hz_传导L 线
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12V2.5A_AC115V/60Hz_传导N 线
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12V2.5A_AC230V/50Hz_传导L 线
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12V2.5A_AC230V/50Hz_传导N 线
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12V2.5A_AC115V/60Hz_辐射
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12V2.5A_AC230V/50Hz_辐射
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15V2A_AC115V/60Hz_传导L 线
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15V2A_AC115V/60Hz_传导N 线
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15V2A_AC230V/50Hz_传导L 线
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15V2A_AC230V/50Hz_传导N 线
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15V2A_AC115V/60Hz_辐射
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15V2A_AC230V/50Hz_辐射
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20V1.5A_AC115V/60Hz_传导L 线
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20V1.5A_AC115V/60Hz_传导N 线
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20V1.5A_AC230V/50Hz_传导L 线
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20V1.5A_AC230V/50Hz_传导N 线
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20V1.5A_AC115V/60Hz_辐射
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20V1.5A_AC230V/50Hz_辐射