文章概述
在之前的文章中,我们详细介绍了基于思睿达主推的CR5244_5V2.4A小功率充电器/适配器方案。本文,我们将介绍的是基于思睿达主推的CR5249_18W 电源适配器解决方案。
01、样机介绍
该报告是基于能够适用于宽输入电压范围,输出功率18W,恒压输出的电源适配器样机,控制IC 采用了思睿达主推的CR5249。
![ba2dd202302161111219041.png ba2dd202302161111219041.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002k27fw74yxufl8xue.png)
![d41b1202302161112046982.png d41b1202302161112046982.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002lgr8k7472bkaru2u.png)
![5d7a0202302161112102341.png 5d7a0202302161112102341.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002rfzzlp61rzri39r2.png)
CR5249_12V1.5A 工程样机示意图
CR5249CR5249是一款高性能的电流控制型PWM开关,全电压范围内待机功耗小于75mW,满足能效六标准。为了减少待机功耗和提升效率,CR5249集成了多种工作模式。随着负载的变化,CR5249可以工作在三种不同的模式,并且每种模式都做了优化。当负载很重时,系统工作在传统的PWM(脉冲宽度调制)模式。当负载变轻时,系统进入PFM(脉冲频率调制)模式。在PFM模式下,随着负载的逐渐变轻,开关频率也逐渐的减小。CR5249中独有的频率变换模块可以使开关频率平滑降低而不产生噪声。由于频率的降低,开关损耗也被有效的减小了。当负载继续降低而低于某一设定值时,系统进入PSM(跳频调制)模式。在PSM模式下,一些开关周期被跳过,这些周期内开关管完全关断,因此这种模式可进一步降低待机功耗。在上述的三种工作模式下,都集成了频率抖动功能,来提升系统的EMI特性。
芯片还集成了最大输出功率动态补偿模块,从而保证系统在全电压交流输入范围(90V~264V)内最大输出功率点恒定。
CR5249集成了多种功能和保护特性,包括欠压锁定(UVLO),VDD过压保护(OVP),软启动,过温保护(OTP),逐周期电流限制(OCP),过载保护(OLP),SENSE引脚悬空保护,GATE端箝位,前沿消隐等。
芯片特性
● CR5249 是DIP8 封装的新型反激功率开关
● 内置软启动,减小MOSFET 的应力,内置斜坡补偿电路;
● 65kHz 开关频率,具有频率抖动功能,使其具有良好的EMI 特性;
● 264VAC 输入待机功耗:<75mW;
● 具有“软启动、OCP、SCP、OTP、OVP 自动恢复等保护功能;
● 电路结构简单、较少的外围元器件,适用于小功率AC/DC 电源适配器、充电器。
● 能效满足DOE Ⅵ 和CoC V5_T2 要求
基本应用
● 电源适配器
● 开放式电源
● 数码相机和摄像机电源
● 电脑和服务器辅助电源
● 机顶盒电源
● 掌上电脑电源
引脚分布
![718cf20230216111307645.png 718cf20230216111307645.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002p7z2doqa9n7ug22g.png)
引脚描述
![716b7202302161113153910.png 716b7202302161113153910.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002ouaamhh4zjekusju.png)
典型应用
![a639920230216111326760.jpg a639920230216111326760.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002knonnhntk1optkfz.jpg)
样机PCBA尺寸:66*39*24mm,是一款全电压实现12V1.5A输出的电源适配器。90VAC满足启动时间的条件下,实现AC264V样机待机功耗仅为72mW;全电压输入时平均效率>86.43%;输出接22AWG1.5米线能够满足最严格的“COC_V5_T2” 能效标准。
样机具有良好的动态负载能力;同时具有“软启动、OCP、SCP、OVP、OTP自动恢复”等多种保护功能。
样机的变压器,采用了EE19W加厚磁芯(PC40材质)。变压器绕制工艺部分,请见后文详细说明。
02、样机特性
以下表格为工程样机的主要特性,具体测试方法在第4 章节中有详细说明。
2.1、输入特性:
![4fd86202302161113522786.png 4fd86202302161113522786.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002zrx6sn8sjx1u691v.png)
2.2、输出特性(PCB END):
![1aeea202302161113576074.png 1aeea202302161113576074.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002imcs5u26mr038cdr.png)
2.3、整机参数:
![c7041202302161114074993.png c7041202302161114074993.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002frewwz55ltt4phcw.png)
2.4、保护功能测试:
![919cb202302161114133785.png 919cb202302161114133785.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002f4uzju9g6b0xux9z.png)
2.5、工作环境:
![2b364202302161115048888.png 2b364202302161115048888.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002zcw8wwwnkxst2kkw.png)
2.6 测试仪器:
![890f9202302161115121879.png 890f9202302161115121879.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002fvigl8jv5wlladlj.png)
03、样机结构信息
本小节展示了工程样机的电路、版图结构,变压器结构及工艺。
3.1、电路原理图及BOM:
3.1.1 原理图:
![9172c202302161115362315.png 9172c202302161115362315.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vdq9j5ll2juidiql.png)
3.1.2、元器件清单:
![a8d85202302161115423161.png a8d85202302161115423161.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002ry4gjv05804guvgu.png)
3.1.3、PCB 布局&布线:
![377fb202302161115502255.png 377fb202302161115502255.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002bzzfg0qz3zzccjxz.png)
PCB 顶层布局
![5c55c202302161115565208.png 5c55c202302161115565208.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002eoy5nfpahnzoa58f.png)
PCB 底层布局
![ae577202302161116027665.png ae577202302161116027665.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002g0evvpxfebf0b4ad.png)
PCB 底层布线
3.2、变压器绕制工艺:3.2.1、电路示意图:
![29bda202302161116119958.png 29bda202302161116119958.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002cr7ibhtoqtk7wi9r.png)
3.2.2、规格参数:
1)骨架:EE19W 磁芯加厚立式(5+5PIN),Ae=46mm²;
2)材质:TDK PC40 或同等材质;
3)N1、N2: 2UEW 漆包线;N3: 三层绝缘线;
4)次级绕组从变压器顶端进出线,磁芯接地
5)绝缘胶带:3M900 或同等材质;
6)初级绕组感量Lp:1.8mH±5%(测试条件:0.3V,10kHz);
7)漏感量LLK:要求控制在初级绕组的5%以内(测试条件:0.3 V,10kHz));
8)耐压测试= 3.3KV 5mA 1Min;
9)成品要求:浸凡立水;
3.2.3、变压器参数:
![4df99202302161116307455.png 4df99202302161116307455.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002z5i5e3q6mo8q381m.png)
3.2.4、变压器结构图:
![aa8f620230216111746111.png aa8f620230216111746111.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002unvre0qhxszkzre7.png)
04、性能测评
本小节对工程样机的输入部分、输出部分、各种保护以及一些时序进行了测试,以下详解了测试方法及结果。从测试结果来看,以下各项测试均合格,能够满足大部分客户的要求。
4.1、输入特性:
本模板经过在不同的输入电压(从90V/60Hz 到264V/50Hz)和不同负载条件(空载和满载)下测试,得到待机功耗、效率及平均效率。
表1 待机功耗
![a82de202302161118415579.png a82de202302161118415579.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002eqlc60cn6cn5nnf3.png)
表2 输出100%负载下的输入特性
![79c92202302161118463132.png 79c92202302161118463132.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002hy6cw5wsda5ucvy8.png)
表3 效率测试(1.5M 22AWG Cable)
![f19ce202302161118526873.png f19ce202302161118526873.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002tznaeorxqzzq1dkq.png)
表4 效率测试(PCB END)
![ae19120230216111856948.png ae19120230216111856948.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002wte05yhyzvt2amfu.png)
表5 能效等级评估(1.5M 22AWG Cable)
![7167d202302161119011607.png 7167d202302161119011607.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002mgvzoi6u260wjibn.png)
4.2、输出特性:
4.2.1 线性调整率和负载调整率: ( PCB END )
![dd5cd202302161119124956.png dd5cd202302161119124956.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002mgdiyby3he32qejv.png)
4.2.2、输出电压纹波:
注:纹波及噪声在1.5M 22AWG 处测试,测试端并联0.1uF/50V 的瓷片电容和10uF/50V 电解电容,带宽限制为20MHz。
![c0718202302161119222870.png c0718202302161119222870.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002t9jqoxkgddkg7fok.png)
![45e0c202302161119282510.png 45e0c202302161119282510.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002dkkdkpnhf797j1pe.png)
R&N @ AC90V/60Hz,No Load
![854a0202302161119361655.png 854a0202302161119361655.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vv07kezjm000i0pp.png)
R&N @ AC90V/60Hz,100% Load
![a0e7720230216111941841.png a0e7720230216111941841.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vviwnuxtpkvv2knu.png)
R&N @ AC264V/60Hz,No Load
![cc2aa202302161119493726.png cc2aa202302161119493726.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002pspws8334sb74kk3.png)
R&N @ AC264V/60Hz,100% Load
4.3、保护功能:
以下涉及过流保护、短路保护的测试。
4.3.1、过流保护:
![62990202302161120063338.png 62990202302161120063338.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002k89oke89nzw6kko6.png)
4.3.2、短路保护:
功率计电流量程2.5A,开启平均值模式测量。
![17261202302161120144464.png 17261202302161120144464.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002q8asfukq2cpqxukz.png)
4.4、系统温升测试
本项测试评估成品样机(含配套塑料外壳)在40℃环境温度下长时间工作时关键器件的稳态温度值。测试条件:输入电压分别为90V~264V,输出电流1.5A。
![28bb8202302161120282358.png 28bb8202302161120282358.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002sh522h22nnh9n2en.png)
测试样机及配套外壳
![a3df620230216112039629.png a3df620230216112039629.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vlc42n2ncwl2elfr.png)
4.5、动态测试:
输出动态负载电流设置为1.5A 持续5ms/10ms,然后为0A 持续5ms/10ms 并持续循环,上升/下降设置为3A/us。(1.5M 22AWG Cable)
![858b9202302161120503738.png 858b9202302161120503738.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002zq11pzi1pqo92n9v.png)
![f9a3520230216112104207.png f9a3520230216112104207.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vb047ty9mebmtq7c.png)
AC90V 5ms
![573f5202302161122031446.png 573f5202302161122031446.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002wwupf6h4yvtzwr8t.png)
AC90V 10ms
![032cd202302161122108119.png 032cd202302161122108119.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002utvcipyyc2yam07d.png)
AC264V 5ms
![8d88d202302161122184137.png 8d88d202302161122184137.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002a6kde5hhpwt1t41h.png)
AC264V 10ms
4.6、系统延时时间测试:
![46f5b202302161123253159.png 46f5b202302161123253159.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002fq57ekz6qlbkkjku.png)
![82e7d202302161123454234.png 82e7d202302161123454234.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002w2r3z2d3br0zzwpa.png)
TON_DELAY @ AC100V,100% Load
![570ac202302161123518647.png 570ac202302161123518647.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002c8nkhvni5hpejak8.png)
TON_DELAY @ AC240V,100% Load
![f7cd4202302161123567502.png f7cd4202302161123567502.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002tobcijnmubxbohfc.png)
THOLD_UP @ AC100V,100% Load
![b6d33202302161124015017.png b6d33202302161124015017.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002k48c4484198ks9mg.png)
THOLD_UP @ AC240V,100% Load
4.7、其它重要波形测试:
DRAIN(蓝色)端、CS(红色)端波形图:
![87c6620230216112413385.png 87c6620230216112413385.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002lowiaelww91joaf1.png)
AC90/60Hz,100% load
![408a6202302161124184195.png 408a6202302161124184195.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002mrrz765b1b56i564.png)
AC115/60Hz,100% load
![31fa5202302161124232712.png 31fa5202302161124232712.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002yfeqezfuszbbfm0f.png)
AC230/50Hz,100% Load
![ac5fb202302161124389535.png ac5fb202302161124389535.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002vrf1nfe1f4wq4uqe.png)
AC264/50Hz,100% load
其他波形测试
![233e3202302161124459890.png 233e3202302161124459890.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002oxg3mg0qg3r7zgrr.png)
AC264/50Hz,100% load 输出肖特基电压
![397f8202302161124537640.png 397f8202302161124537640.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002etsf88qiiff5psej.png)
AC264/50Hz,输出短路,VDS VCS 波形
05、EMI评估测试
测试条件:
输入:AC115V-60HZ/230V-50Hz;
输出负载50W 8Ω大功率电阻;
限值标准参考:EN55013、EN55022B。(辐射测试结果仅供参考)
![2af55202302161125364305.png 2af55202302161125364305.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002kxsxa5wpxyhtpazp.png)
AC115V/60Hz 传导L 相
![ebf2e202302161125418483.png ebf2e202302161125418483.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002tjs86qiqrrktpkx8.png)
AC115V/60Hz 传导N 相
![2e7f2202302161125466404.png 2e7f2202302161125466404.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002v9ar0bboxzl55oib.png)
AC230V/50Hz 传导L 相
![ba18620230216112551642.png ba18620230216112551642.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002wcf22p0o05lte139.png)
AC230V/50Hz 传导N 相
![dca0b202302161125563725.png dca0b202302161125563725.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002t433nn8e744pzns6.png)
AC115V/60Hz 辐射测试
![25b76202302161126039152.png 25b76202302161126039152.png](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202302/16/115002lvgetlekg3jk5jv4.png)
AC230V/50Hz 辐射测试
多种方案,欢迎随时交流沟通。思睿达联系人:何工 18923426660,E-mail:manjie@threeda.com,欢迎来电咨询,申请样品。感谢!