![5329311d3d1b46cf80d1d34e89d95083~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 5329311d3d1b46cf80d1d34e89d95083~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524jni771h4nmk0ksah.jpg)
图1-1 共射放大电路
01、直流工作点计算
首先在图1-1所示电路中,基极的直流电位为VB,是用电阻R1和电阻R2对电源电压Vcc进行分压后的电位,所以流进晶体管的基极电流的直流成分IB是很小的,可以忽略,则:
![bf4b9a14f2ff421e83edc09a84960896~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg bf4b9a14f2ff421e83edc09a84960896~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524ciri4jyi5jyk25ig.jpg)
发射极的直流电位VE, 仅比VB低于基极-发射极间的电压VBE,如设VBE=0.6V,则VE为:
![203a393c8207432bac044a1d99c4bb7a~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 203a393c8207432bac044a1d99c4bb7a~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524aqsg2esoh35sxmer.jpg)
发射极上流动的直流电流IE为:
![5fbc51f91316498082fc40f0ead78e6f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 5fbc51f91316498082fc40f0ead78e6f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524beabffkb68vaqfda.jpg)
集电极的直流电压Vc为电源电压减去Rc的压降而算得的值,所以Vc为:
![9c68723441ba44cfa6413da456398201~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 9c68723441ba44cfa6413da456398201~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524luj0bo0m0b085oc9.jpg)
在式(1.4)中,基极电流为很小值时,所以可以忽略不计,则Ic=IE,所以式(1.4)可成为:
![ee5e68d1f75742faa47151111c1d5c55~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg ee5e68d1f75742faa47151111c1d5c55~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524n4wlh0qj7vvucsdw.jpg)
以上求得的各个部分的直流电位表示在图1-2中,如图所示:
![ced8c7c9e94f431b9b575aee884c9d58~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg ced8c7c9e94f431b9b575aee884c9d58~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524x6hta7wpp426tzke.jpg)
图1-2 共射放大电路中各个部分的直流电位
02、交流电压放大倍数的计算
接着求图1-1所示电路的交流放大倍数(交流增益)。
由于晶体管的基极-发射极间存在的二极管是在导通的情况下使用的(交流电阻为0),所以基极端子的交流电位直接出现在发射极,因此,由交流输入电压引起的输出电流的交流变化部分为:
![204b785ee3c94d48b0bd59f83c72d2ec~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 204b785ee3c94d48b0bd59f83c72d2ec~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524uqo9nzmqoxvgvpa4.jpg)
另外,令集电极电流的交流变化部分为△ie,则vc的交流变化△vc为:
![8327f00ab61b48f99a71b04d2cdd816f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 8327f00ab61b48f99a71b04d2cdd816f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524s04qrx4cycp5hlyc.jpg)
进而认为,集电极电流=发射极电流,则:
![c60bcdabe6574a3580e36e39635d20cf~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg c60bcdabe6574a3580e36e39635d20cf~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524l4ccbkx1tn42g11l.jpg)
所以:
![76856ed9402d45b8aaa387342ff3fc16~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 76856ed9402d45b8aaa387342ff3fc16~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524tb6jzukbkkvb5eup.jpg)
另一方面,因用C2将vc的直流成分截去,所以交流输出信号vo即为△vc的本身:
![06697d547df64c1f98de4e9f4e51bc91~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 06697d547df64c1f98de4e9f4e51bc91~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524ufepclq4ke8zcq0s.jpg)
因此,该电路的交流电压放大倍数Av可为:
![dd665558663f41ca8f79815a40f477ae~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg dd665558663f41ca8f79815a40f477ae~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524zz6lbo8latkmtz6z.jpg)
如式(1.11)所示,放大倍数Av与晶体管的直流放大倍数hFE无关,而是由RC与RE之比来决定的。另外,RE的值增大,则放大倍数Av减小,所以可以认为该电路由RE加了负反馈,为此,称RE为发射极反馈电阻,由于负反馈,RE有抑制hFE的分散性和VBE的温度变化而产生的发射极电流变化的作用。其求取方法如图2-1所示:
![184a8e26e6404309a148afb4281dc08b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg 184a8e26e6404309a148afb4281dc08b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.jpg](https://static.assets-stash.eet-china.com/forum/202211/11/164524fvhe4ptlli6jetpl.jpg)
图2-1 电压增益图