美国商务部工业与安全局(BIS)周一在一份声明中表示,最新修订立即生效,以“阻止”华为通过第三方绕过早期出口管制的努力。
8月17日晚,美国商务部工业与安全局(BIS)宣布进一步限制华为及其关联公司采用通过美国技术在国内外生产的产品。BIS在实体清单上又增加了38家华为关联分支机构。此外,美国商务部还对所有受出口管理条例(EAR)约束的项目都规定了许可证要求,并修改了现有的四个华为实体清单条目。
任何交易涉及到实体清单上的一方,会对涉及受商业出口管制管辖的项目的任何交易施加许可证要求。例如当华为(或其他实体清单实体)作为采购方、中间人或最终用户时,前述行动将立即生效。此举旨在阻止了华为绕过美国出口管制来使用美国技术开发或生产的电子元件。
2020年5月,为了阻止华为采购某些美国的软件、技术以及直接产品,BIS修订了长期以来的外国直接生产产品(FDP)规则。今天的修正案进一步“完善了”FDP规则,最新FDP规定:1)美国软件或技术是外国生产的项目的基础,该项目将被纳入或用于 "生产 "或 "开发 "任何 "部件"、"组件 "或 "设备",由实体清单上的任何华为实体生产、购买或订购;2)实体清单上的任何华为实体是此类交易的一方,如 "购买者"、"中间收货人"、"最终收货人 "或 "最终用户"。
该修正案进一步限制华为获得由美国软件或技术开发或生产的外国制造的芯片,其程度与美国同类芯片相同。
从 2019 年 5 月以来,美国已经将高达 152 家的华为子公司列入实体清单。新增的38个分支机构包括:
华为云计算技术;
北京华为云;
大连华为云;
广州华为云;
贵阳华为云;
香港华为云;
深圳华为云;
苏州华为开放实验室;
乌兰察布华为云计算技术;
阿根廷华为;
巴西华为云;
智利华为;
开罗华为开放实验室;
巴黎华为开放实验室;
柏林华为云;
华为慕尼黑开放实验室;
华为技术杜塞尔多夫有限公司;
德里华为开放实验室;
托加网络;
墨西哥华为开放实验室;
摩洛哥华为技术;
荷兰华为;
秘鲁华为云;
莫斯科华为开放实验室;
新加坡华为开放实验室;
南非华为云;
约翰内斯堡华为开放实验室;
瑞士华为云;
曼谷华为开放实验室;
伊斯坦布尔华为开放实验室;
迪拜华为开放实验室;
英国华为技术研发等。
以下是英文全文:
The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) in the Department of Commerce (Commerce) today further restricted access by Huawei Technologies (Huawei) and its non-U.S. affiliates on the Entity List to items produced domestically and abroad from U.S. technology and software. In addition, BIS added another 38 Huawei affiliates to the Entity List, which imposes a license requirement for all items subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and modified four existing Huawei Entity List entries. BIS also imposed license requirements on any transaction involving items subject to Commerce export control jurisdiction where a party on the Entity List is involved, such as when Huawei (or other Entity List entities) acts as a purchaser, intermediate, or end user. These actions, effective immediately, prevent Huawei’s attempts to circumvent U.S. export controls to obtain electronic components developed or produced using U.S. technology.
In May 2020, BIS amended the longstanding foreign-produced direct product (FDP) rule to target Huawei’s acquisition of semiconductors that are the direct product of certain U.S. software and technology. Today’s amendment further refines the FDP rule by applying the control to transactions: 1) where U.S. software or technology is the basis for a foreign-produced item that will be incorporated into, or will be used in the “production” or “development” of any “part,” “component,” or “equipment” produced, purchased, or ordered by any Huawei entity on the Entity List; or 2) when any Huawei entity on the Entity List is a party to such a transaction, such as a “purchaser,” “intermediate consignee,” “ultimate consignee,” or “end-user.”
This amendment further restricts Huawei from obtaining foreign made chips developed or produced from U.S. software or technology to the same degree as comparable U.S. chips.
“Huawei and its foreign affiliates have extended their efforts to obtain advanced semiconductors developed or produced from U.S. software and technology in order to fulfill the policy objectives of the Chinese Communist Party,” said Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross. “As we have restricted its access to U.S. technology, Huawei and its affiliates have worked through third parties to harness U.S. technology in a manner that undermines U.S. national security and foreign policy interests. This multi-pronged action demonstrates our continuing commitment to impede Huawei’s ability to do so.”
The following 38 new Huawei affiliates across 21 countries were added to the Entity List because they present a significant risk of acting on Huawei’s behalf contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. There is reasonable cause to believe that Huawei otherwise would seek to use them to evade the restrictions imposed by the Entity List.
Huawei Cloud Computing Technology; Huawei Cloud Beijing; Huawei Cloud Dalian; Huawei Cloud Guangzhou; Huawei Cloud Guiyang; Huawei Cloud Hong Kong; Huawei Cloud Shanghai; Huawei Cloud Shenzhen; Huawei OpenLab Suzhou; Wulanchabu Huawei Cloud Computing Technology; Huawei Cloud Argentina; Huawei Cloud Brazil; Huawei Cloud Chile; Huawei OpenLab Cairo; Huawei Cloud France; Huawei OpenLab Paris; Huawei Cloud Berlin; Huawei OpenLab Munich; Huawei Technologies Dusseldorf GmbH; Huawei OpenLab Delhi; Toga Networks; Huawei Cloud Mexico; Huawei OpenLab Mexico City; Huawei Technologies Morocco; Huawei Cloud Netherland
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